Authors :
Dr Joseph Nightingale; Cris Wootton; Harshini Priya Saravanan; Michelle Wakefields; Joseph Bentley
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 11 - November
Google Scholar :
http://tinyurl.com/5a2wmj6p
Scribd :
http://tinyurl.com/mtpkrmnr
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10370356
Abstract :
"Allergy and Intolerance Regarding IgG4
Immunoglobulin" explores the complex interplay of
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the context of food
allergies and intolerances. The authors present
hypotheses regarding IgG4 levels and their stability
during testing, and they investigate the relationship
between IgG4, IgE, and immune responses to various
food antigens. This review provides a concise summary
and evaluation of the article's key findings and research
methods. In their study, the authors emphasize the anti-
inflammatory role of IgG4, highlighting its capacity to
inhibit IgE activity and protect against type 1
hypersensitivity reactions. They discuss the prevalence of
food reactions in Europe, differentiating between IgE-
mediated allergies and non-IgE-mediated food
intolerances. The immune mechanisms involving specific
IgG antibodies in food intolerance development are
elucidated, shedding light on the formation and
accumulation of food protein complexes and resulting
inflammatory processes.
The article discusses the production of both IgE and
IgG antibodies in response to interleukins (ILs), with
particular emphasis on IL4 triggering IgE-mediated
reactions and IFNg and TNFa influencing IgG3
production. IgG4 like IgE is also induced by IL-4 and
IL-3. The authors argue that IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3
antibody production, while contributing to the formation
of immune complexes, lacks concrete evidence of a direct
connection to specific symptoms, particularly in
intolerance testing. The use of IgG4 antibodies in the
study is rationalized, as they serve to explore immune
responses to food allergens before allergic reactions
develop. IgG4 is characterized as a blocking antibody
against IgE, preventing IgE from accessing allergens.
This preventive screening approach is underscored by
the high concentration of IgG4 in comparison to IgE,
facilitating faster and more frequent binding to
allergens. IgG4 antibodies are noted for their minimal
histamine release, making them predominant whenallergies remain asymptomatic. The primary function of
IgG4 in influencing immune inflammatory responses
without histamine release holds the potential for
understanding patient symptoms such as bloating,
abdominal cramps, and headaches. The article outlines
the materials and methods used in the study, including
the collection of blood samples from volunteers over 10
weeks. The methodology involves the use of auto
blot/automated western blot, nitrocellulose strips, and
various reagents and equipment to measure IgG4 levels
in response to food antigens. Allergy and Intolerance
Regarding IgG4 Immunoglobulin" provides valuable
insights into the role of IgG4 in food allergies and
intolerances. The article's focus on preventive screening
using IgG4 antibodies presents an intriguing avenue for
further research in understanding and managing adverse
reactions to food. However, it is essential to consider the
limitations and potential biases in the study's
methodology and interpretation of results. Further
research and clinical validation are warranted to
establish the clinical utility of IgG4 testing in the context
of food-related health issues.
Keywords :
IgG4 Immunoglobulin, Food Allergy, Food Intolerance, Immune Response, IgE Inhibition, Preventive Screening.
"Allergy and Intolerance Regarding IgG4
Immunoglobulin" explores the complex interplay of
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the context of food
allergies and intolerances. The authors present
hypotheses regarding IgG4 levels and their stability
during testing, and they investigate the relationship
between IgG4, IgE, and immune responses to various
food antigens. This review provides a concise summary
and evaluation of the article's key findings and research
methods. In their study, the authors emphasize the anti-
inflammatory role of IgG4, highlighting its capacity to
inhibit IgE activity and protect against type 1
hypersensitivity reactions. They discuss the prevalence of
food reactions in Europe, differentiating between IgE-
mediated allergies and non-IgE-mediated food
intolerances. The immune mechanisms involving specific
IgG antibodies in food intolerance development are
elucidated, shedding light on the formation and
accumulation of food protein complexes and resulting
inflammatory processes.
The article discusses the production of both IgE and
IgG antibodies in response to interleukins (ILs), with
particular emphasis on IL4 triggering IgE-mediated
reactions and IFNg and TNFa influencing IgG3
production. IgG4 like IgE is also induced by IL-4 and
IL-3. The authors argue that IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3
antibody production, while contributing to the formation
of immune complexes, lacks concrete evidence of a direct
connection to specific symptoms, particularly in
intolerance testing. The use of IgG4 antibodies in the
study is rationalized, as they serve to explore immune
responses to food allergens before allergic reactions
develop. IgG4 is characterized as a blocking antibody
against IgE, preventing IgE from accessing allergens.
This preventive screening approach is underscored by
the high concentration of IgG4 in comparison to IgE,
facilitating faster and more frequent binding to
allergens. IgG4 antibodies are noted for their minimal
histamine release, making them predominant whenallergies remain asymptomatic. The primary function of
IgG4 in influencing immune inflammatory responses
without histamine release holds the potential for
understanding patient symptoms such as bloating,
abdominal cramps, and headaches. The article outlines
the materials and methods used in the study, including
the collection of blood samples from volunteers over 10
weeks. The methodology involves the use of auto
blot/automated western blot, nitrocellulose strips, and
various reagents and equipment to measure IgG4 levels
in response to food antigens. Allergy and Intolerance
Regarding IgG4 Immunoglobulin" provides valuable
insights into the role of IgG4 in food allergies and
intolerances. The article's focus on preventive screening
using IgG4 antibodies presents an intriguing avenue for
further research in understanding and managing adverse
reactions to food. However, it is essential to consider the
limitations and potential biases in the study's
methodology and interpretation of results. Further
research and clinical validation are warranted to
establish the clinical utility of IgG4 testing in the context
of food-related health issues.
Keywords :
IgG4 Immunoglobulin, Food Allergy, Food Intolerance, Immune Response, IgE Inhibition, Preventive Screening.