Taxes and Finance Field Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Survey


Authors : Abeer A Shujaaddeen; Fadl Mutaher Ba-Alwi; Abdulkader M. Al-Badani

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 11 - November


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/mrxud3rx

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/mv3hvpej

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14506648


Abstract : Taxes are considered one of the most important revenues for developed and undeveloped countries alike, because of their importance in raising the level of the country. Taxes are an amount that the state imposes on companies and individuals. However many taxpayers try to evade tax by not paying their taxes in several ways, such as lying on the declaration form, hiding part of the data for tax fraud, and other ways and methods. Therefore, many countries have implemented many procedures and regulations to reduce tax evasion. Recently, it has resorted to artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) such as neural networks, decision trees, random forests, clustering techniques such as K-Mean, and others to reduce tax evasion. In this paper, we will present a summary of a group of countries in their trying to detect tax and financial evasion and fraud.

Keywords : Taxes, Tax Fraud, Taxpayers, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning.

References :

  1. S. Mills, “Chapter 1 Taxation Principles and Theory,” Found. Tax. Law, no. 1908, 1925,[Online].    Available: https://www.oup.com.au/data/assets/file/0014/132062/9780190318529_SC.pdf
  2. http:\\ar,wikipedia.or
  3. Hartnett D," Tax Administration  Challenges in Developing Countries", 4/4/ 2016.
  4. D. De Roux, B. Pérez, A. Moreno, M. Del Pilar Villamil, and C.     Figueroa, “Tax fraud detection for under-reporting declarations using an unsupervised machine learning approach,” Proc. ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. Knowl. Discov. Data Min., pp. 215–222, 2018, doi: 10.1145/3219819.3219878.
  5. J. Yu, Y. Qiao, K. Sun, H. Zhang, and J. Yang, “Poster: Classification of transaction behavior in tax invoices using compositional CNN-RNN model,” UbiComp/ISWC 2018 - Adjun. Proc. 2018 ACM Int. Jt. Conf. Pervasive Ubiquitous Comput. Proc. 2018 ACM Int. Symp. Wearable Comput., pp. 315–318, 2018, doi: 10.1145/3267305.3267597.
  6. J. Shan, “Optimization Strategy of Tax Planning System in the Context of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019, vol. 1345, no. 5, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1345/5/052006.
  7. J. Atanasijević, D. Jakovetić, N. Krejić, N. Krklec-Jerinkić, and D. Marković, “Using big data analytics to improve the efficiency of tax collection in the Tax Administration of the Republic of Serbia,” Ekon. Preduz., vol. 67, no. 1–2, pp. 115–130, 2019, doi: 10.5937/ekopre1808115a.
  8. R. Wei, B. Dong, Q. Zheng, X. Zhu, J. Ruan, and H. He, “Unsupervised Conditional Adversarial Networks for Tax Evasion Detection,” Proc. - 2019 IEEE Int. Conf. Big Data, Big Data 2019, pp. 1675–1680, 2019, doi: 10.1109/BigData47090.2019.9005656.
  9. D. Rodr, “Tax Fraud Detection through Neural Networks : An Application Using a Sample of Personal Income Taxpayers,” 2019, doi: 10.3390/fi11040086.
  10.  “Tax-Related Burden on SMEs in the European Union : The Case of Slovenia Dejan Ravšelj Polonca Kovač Aleksander Aristovnik,” vol. 2117, pp. 69–79, 2019, doi: 10.2478/mjss-2019-0024.
  11. N. Sael and F. Benabbou, “ScienceDirect ScienceDirect Performance of machine learning techniques in the detection of Performance of machine learning techniques in the detection of financial frauds financial frauds,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 148, no. Icds 2018, pp. 45–54, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2019.01.007.
  12. N. D. Goumagias, D. Hristu-varsakelis, and Y. M. Assael, “Using deep Q-learning to understand the tax evasion behavior of risk-averse firms,” pp. 1–29,2020.
  13. I. S. Conference and E. Sarajevo, “Expert Systems as a Means in Detecting Tax Evasion,” no. September, pp. 18–20, 2020.
  14. A. Z. Adamov, “Machine Learning and Advanced Analytics in Tax Fraud Detection,” no. October 2019, 2020, doi: 10.1109/AICT47866.2019.8981758.
  15. C. Reviews, “An income tax fraud detection using AI,” vol. 7, no. 16, pp. 119–124, 2020.
  16. M. Z. Abedin, H. Mohammad, D. Science, N. Science, and G. Bishwabidyalay, “Tax Default Prediction using Feature Transformation-Based Machine Learning,” no. December, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3048018.
  17. N. Gedde, I.-S. Sandvik, and J. Andersson, “Unsupervised Machine Learning on Tax Returns Investigating Unsupervised and Semisupervised Machine Learning Methods to Uncover Anomalous Faulty Tax Returns”,2020.
  18. V. Jellis, M. David, P. Bruno, J. Vanhoeyveld, D. Martens, and B. Peeters, “This item is the archived peer-reviewed author-version of : Value-added tax fraud detection with scalable anomaly detection techniques Reference :,” vol. 86, 2020.
  19. O. F. Atayah, “Audit and tax in the context of emerging technologies : A retrospective analysis , current trends , and future opportunities,” vol. 21, no. November 2020, pp. 95–128, 2021, doi: 10.4192/1577-8517-v21.
  20. S. Zheng et al., “The AI Economist: Improving Equality and Productivity with AI-Driven Tax Policies,” Apr. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13332.
  21. W. Didimo, L. Grilli, G. Liotta, F. Montecchiani, and D. Pagliuca, “Combining Network Visualization and Data Mining for Tax Risk Assessment,” pp. 16073–16086, 2020.
  22. A. Musayev and M. Gazanfarli, “Modeling the Probability of the Detection Process of Tax Evasion Taking into Account Quality and Quantity Indicators,” Asian J. Econ. Bus. Account., vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 28–37, 2020, doi: 10.9734/ajeba/2020/v18i430291.
  23. A. H. Miller and C. Republic, “Using Database Approach , With Big Data And Unsupervised Machine Learning To Model Tax Behavior In The Expatriate Community,” no. October, 2020.
  24. A. Ippolito and A. C. G. Lozano, “Tax crime prediction with machine learning: A case study in the municipality of São Paulo,” ICEIS 2020 - Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. Enterp. Inf. Syst., vol. 1, no. Iceis, pp. 452–459, 2020, doi: 10.5220/0009564704520459.
  25. A. Rathi, S. Sharma, G. Lodha, and M. Srivastava, “A Study on Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Indian Taxation System,” no. February, 2021, doi: 10.17762/pae.v58i2.2265.
  26. J. Atanasijevi, “Tax Evasion Risk Management Using a Hybrid Unsupervised  Outlier Detection Method,” no. 451, p. 30, 2021.
  27. M. Zumaya et al., “Identifying Tax Evasion in Mexico with Tools from Network Science and Machine Learning,” Underst. Complex Syst., pp. 89–113, 2021, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-81484-7_6.
  28. J. P. A. Andrade et al., “A Machine Learning-based System for Financial Fraud Detection,” pp. 165–176, 2021, doi: 10.5753/eniac.2021.18250.
  29. A. Javadian, A. Ali, P. Aghajan, and M. Hosseini, “A Hybrid Model Based on Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithm for Detecting Fraud in Financial Statements,” J. Optim. Ind. Eng., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 169–186, 2021, doi: 10.22094/JOIE.2020.1877455.1685.
  30. X. Zhang, “Construction and Simulation of Financial Audit Model Based on Convolutional Neural Network,” Comput. Intell. Neurosci., vol. 2021, pp. 1–11, 2021.
  31. M. Vlad and S. Vlad, “The Use of Machine Learning Techniques in Accounting . A Short,” J. Soc. Sci. Fascicle, vol. 4, pp. 1–5, 2021.
  32. V. Baghdasaryan, H. Davtyan, and A. Sarikyan, “Improving Tax Audit Efficiency Using Machine Learning : The Role of Taxpayer ’ s Network Data in Fraud Detection Improving Tax Audit Efficiency Using Machine Learning : The Role of Taxpayer ’ s Network Data in Fraud Detection,” Appl. Artif. Intell., vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–23, 2022, doi: 10.1080/08839514.2021.2012002.
  33. H. Mojahedi, A. Babazadeh Sangar, and M. Masdari, “Towards Tax Evasion      Detection Using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm,” Math. Probl. Eng., vol. 2022, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/1027518.
  34. J. Perbendaharaan, K. Negara Dan Kebijakan Publik, R. David  Febriminanto, and M. Wasesa, “Indonesian Treasury Review Machine Learning for Predicting Tax Revenue Potential,” Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik, 2022. [Online]. Available: www.pajak.com
  35. A. Menon, D. Khator, D. Prajapati, and A. Ekbote, “IPL Prediction Using Machine Learning,” Indian J. Comput. Sci., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 274–276, 2022, doi: 10.17010/ijcs/2022/v7/i3/171267
  36. B. F. Murorunkwere, D. Haughton, J. Nzabanita, and I. Kabano, “Predicting     tax fraud using supervised machine learning approach,” African J. Sci. Technol. Innov. Dev., vol. 0, no. 0, pp. 1–12, 2023, doi: 10.1080/20421338.2023.2187930.
  37. T. Ruzgas, L. Kižauskienė, M. Lukauskas, E. Sinkevičius, M. Frolovaitė,    and   J. Arnastauskaitė, “Tax Fraud Reduction Using Analytics in an East    European Country,” Axioms, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 288, Mar. 2023, doi:    10.3390/axioms12030288.
  38. N. Alsadhan, “A Multi-Module Machine Learning Approach to  Detect  Tax Fraud,” Comput. Syst. Sci. Eng., vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 241–253, 2023, doi: 10.32604/csse.2023.033375.
  39. I. Sadgali, N. Sael, and F. Benabbou, “Performance of machine learning techniques in the detection of financial frauds,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 148, no. Icds 2018, pp. 45–54, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2019.01.007.
  40. I. H. Sarker, “Machine Learning: Algorithms, Real-World Applications and Research Directions,” SN Comput. Sci., vol. 2, no. 3, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s42979-021-00592-x.
  41. A. . Shujaaddeen, F. M. . Ba-Alwi, and G.  Al-Gaphari, “A New Machine Learning Model for     Detecting levels of Tax Evasion Based on Hybrid Neural Network ”, Int J Intell Syst Appl Eng, vol. 12, no. 11s, pp. 450–468, Jan. 2024.
  42. T. Germano, “Self Organizing Maps @ davis.wpi.edu,” p. 4, 1999, [Online]. Available: http://davis.wpi.edu/~matt/courses/soms/.
  43. A. M. Ozbayoglu, M. U. Gudelek, and O. B. Sezer, “Deep learning for financial applications: A survey,” Appl. Soft Comput. J., vol. 93, pp. 1–52, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106384.

Taxes are considered one of the most important revenues for developed and undeveloped countries alike, because of their importance in raising the level of the country. Taxes are an amount that the state imposes on companies and individuals. However many taxpayers try to evade tax by not paying their taxes in several ways, such as lying on the declaration form, hiding part of the data for tax fraud, and other ways and methods. Therefore, many countries have implemented many procedures and regulations to reduce tax evasion. Recently, it has resorted to artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) such as neural networks, decision trees, random forests, clustering techniques such as K-Mean, and others to reduce tax evasion. In this paper, we will present a summary of a group of countries in their trying to detect tax and financial evasion and fraud.

Keywords : Taxes, Tax Fraud, Taxpayers, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning.

Never miss an update from Papermashup

Get notified about the latest tutorials and downloads.

Subscribe by Email

Get alerts directly into your inbox after each post and stay updated.
Subscribe
OR

Subscribe by RSS

Add our RSS to your feedreader to get regular updates from us.
Subscribe