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Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Polyaniline–Cupric Oxide Nanocomposites for Potential Gas Sensor Applications


Authors : K. N. Warale; Dr. S. M. Yenorkar; H. K. Suryawanshi

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 5 - May


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/259wfxek

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2jpnx7ds

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26May878

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Metal oxide composites based on polyaniline (PANI) have garnered significant interest because of their intriguing structural, electrical, and sensing characteristics. In the current study, chemical oxidative polymerization was used to create PANI/CuO nanocomposites with various weight ratios. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to prepare and evaluate five samples with different polyaniline and cupric oxide compositions. The XRD analyses verified the crystalline monoclinic structure of CuO and the semi-crystalline nature of PANI. The composites' crystallinity and diffraction peak intensity were greatly impacted by the addition of CuO to the PANI matrix. The produced nanocomposites' structural alterations suggest that they could be used in gas sensing devices. According to the results, PANI/CuO composites could be useful materials for gas sensor applications in the future.

Keywords : Chemical Polymerization, XRD, Polyaniline, Cupric Oxide, Nanocomposites, Gas Sensor.

References :

  1. Gospodinova, N., & Terlemezyan, L. (1998). Conducting polymers prepared by oxidative polymerization: Polyaniline. Progress in Polymer Science, 23, 1443–1484. DOI:10.1016/S0079-6700(98)00008-2.
  2. Verma, A., Gupta, R., Verma, A. S., & Kumar, T. (2023). A review of composite conducting polymer-based sensors for detection of industrial waste gases. Sensors and Actuators Reports, 5, 100143. DOI:10.1016/j.snr.2023.100143.
  3. Virji, S., Huang, J.-X., Kaner, R. B., & Weiller, B. H. (2004). Polyaniline nanofiber gas sensors: Examination of response mechanisms. Nano Letters, 4(3), 491–496. DOI:10.1021/nl035122e.
  4. Beygisangchin, M., Abdul Rashid, S., Shafie, S., Sadrolhosseini, A. R., & others. (2021). Preparations, properties, and applications of polyaniline and polyaniline thin films — a review. Polymers, 13(12), 2003. DOI:10.3390/polym13122003.
  5. Stejskal, J., & Gilbert, R. G. (2002). Polyaniline. Preparation of a conducting polymer (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 74(7), 857–867. DOI:10.1351/pac200274050857.
  6. Singh, S. K., Shukla, R. K., Kumar, R., Tripathi, U. K., & Mishra, S. K. (2022). Investigation on PANI/CuO nanocomposites for ammonia gas sensing applications. Materials Letters, 309, 131325. DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2021.131325.
  7. Zulfiqar, N., Inam, F., Khudayberganov, I., Noori, A., Khan, I. U., et al. (2026). Sustainable synthesis and photocatalytic insights into Ag-doped copper oxide nanoparticles: a comparative study. Scientific Reports, 16, 2815. DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-32715-2.
  8. Cullity, B. D. (1978). Elements of X-Ray Diffraction (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley.
  9. International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD). (PDF-2 Database) Entry 01-080-1917 (CuO, tenorite). [ICDD Powder Diffraction File]
  10. (Anonymous for ACS) (2025). Polyaniline/CuO Nanoparticle Composites for Use in Selective H₂S Sensors. ACS Sensors, 10(7), 5108–5119. DOI:10.1021/acssensors.5c00530.

Metal oxide composites based on polyaniline (PANI) have garnered significant interest because of their intriguing structural, electrical, and sensing characteristics. In the current study, chemical oxidative polymerization was used to create PANI/CuO nanocomposites with various weight ratios. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to prepare and evaluate five samples with different polyaniline and cupric oxide compositions. The XRD analyses verified the crystalline monoclinic structure of CuO and the semi-crystalline nature of PANI. The composites' crystallinity and diffraction peak intensity were greatly impacted by the addition of CuO to the PANI matrix. The produced nanocomposites' structural alterations suggest that they could be used in gas sensing devices. According to the results, PANI/CuO composites could be useful materials for gas sensor applications in the future.

Keywords : Chemical Polymerization, XRD, Polyaniline, Cupric Oxide, Nanocomposites, Gas Sensor.

Paper Submission Last Date
30 - June - 2026

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