Water sustains large human activities without adequate care. Portable water supply is vital for health and survival. In Nigeria, the Niger Delta region often suffers from the availability of portable water. The demand is on the rise and the available water is continuously under threat. Discussed in this paper are threats to sustainable water supply and management which include; equipment and infrastructure decay, lack of accessibility and maintenance, poor management, indiscriminate dumping of refuse in ponds, rivers and other water bodies, oil leakage from exploration activities and high rate of abstraction attributed to high demand for portable water caused by population increase in the region. The strategies suggested for remediating these challenges include; adequate management of water resources by government and related stakeholders, public sensitization, surveillance of water projects, efficiency of water use, efficient waste disposal systems and effective legislation and policy implementation for sustainable water supply and management in the Niger Delta.

Keywords : Sustainable Water, Water Supply, Water Management, Challenges, Niger Delta, Nigeria.