Authors :
Tosin Samuel Afeniforo; Prof. Godson R. E. E. Ana
Volume/Issue :
Volume 6 - 2021, Issue 7 - July
Google Scholar :
http://bitly.ws/9nMw
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/374at6t
Abstract :
Malaria is a major public health disease in
Nigeria and the risk exists throughout all the country.
However, it is a widely accepted view that climate
change may affect the distribution of vector species. To
better understand the epidemiology of the disease, it is
important to study the climatic parameter such as
temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall because
these parameters influence the life cycles and
development of both the malaria parasite and mosquito
vector. Climate change can increase the areas at risk of
malaria incidence and thereby enabling malaria
transmission. The study focuses on the spatio-climatic
influence on malaria vector distribution in the University
of Ibadan and Awe town in Oyo state between March
and May 2017. Anopheles mosquitoes were sampled
using Pyrethroid spray collection and reported cases of
malaria infection were obtained from the clinic.
Environmental practices prevalent in the study area
were also obtained through an observation checklist. The
following meteorological parameters (temperature,
relative humidity, and rainfall) were obtained to assess
the relationship between climate and malaria incidence.
The total number of mosquitoes caught in the University
of Ibadan during the three months was 97 while the total
number of mosquitoes caught in Awe was 43. A nonsignificant difference P (0.07) exists between the malaria
vector burden in University of Ibadan and Awe while a
non-significant difference P (0.131) exists between the
malaria prevalence reported cases in the University of
Ibadan and Awe. Environmental practices prevalent in
Awe town include roadside ditches that do not drain
properly, storm drains/catch basins that hold water,
detention/retention ponds, low-lying areas with standing
water, used tires, containers: buckets, litter, etc.
pet/livestock waters that are not rinsed and mud-house.
While those prevalent in the University of Ibadan
include roadside ditches that do not drain properly,
Storm drains/catch basins that hold water, low-lying
areas with standing water, containers: buckets, litter,
etc. House plants with watering saucers and grown
bushes/grasses. The correlation analysis shows that a
positive correlation (r = 0.995), (r = 0.980) exists between
the temperature of the study areas and incidence of
malaria vector in the study areas. Also, correlation
analysis shows that a negative correlation (r = -0.937), (r
= -0.894) exists between the relative humidity of the
study areas and the incidence of malaria vector in the
study. A negative correlation (r = -0.343), (r = -0.240)
also exists between the rainfall of the study areas and the
incidence of malaria vectors in the study areas. This
study has provided essential baseline data for the
climate-malaria vector incidence relationship.
Keywords :
Climate Change, Malaria, Vector, Temperature, Rainfall
Malaria is a major public health disease in
Nigeria and the risk exists throughout all the country.
However, it is a widely accepted view that climate
change may affect the distribution of vector species. To
better understand the epidemiology of the disease, it is
important to study the climatic parameter such as
temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall because
these parameters influence the life cycles and
development of both the malaria parasite and mosquito
vector. Climate change can increase the areas at risk of
malaria incidence and thereby enabling malaria
transmission. The study focuses on the spatio-climatic
influence on malaria vector distribution in the University
of Ibadan and Awe town in Oyo state between March
and May 2017. Anopheles mosquitoes were sampled
using Pyrethroid spray collection and reported cases of
malaria infection were obtained from the clinic.
Environmental practices prevalent in the study area
were also obtained through an observation checklist. The
following meteorological parameters (temperature,
relative humidity, and rainfall) were obtained to assess
the relationship between climate and malaria incidence.
The total number of mosquitoes caught in the University
of Ibadan during the three months was 97 while the total
number of mosquitoes caught in Awe was 43. A nonsignificant difference P (0.07) exists between the malaria
vector burden in University of Ibadan and Awe while a
non-significant difference P (0.131) exists between the
malaria prevalence reported cases in the University of
Ibadan and Awe. Environmental practices prevalent in
Awe town include roadside ditches that do not drain
properly, storm drains/catch basins that hold water,
detention/retention ponds, low-lying areas with standing
water, used tires, containers: buckets, litter, etc.
pet/livestock waters that are not rinsed and mud-house.
While those prevalent in the University of Ibadan
include roadside ditches that do not drain properly,
Storm drains/catch basins that hold water, low-lying
areas with standing water, containers: buckets, litter,
etc. House plants with watering saucers and grown
bushes/grasses. The correlation analysis shows that a
positive correlation (r = 0.995), (r = 0.980) exists between
the temperature of the study areas and incidence of
malaria vector in the study areas. Also, correlation
analysis shows that a negative correlation (r = -0.937), (r
= -0.894) exists between the relative humidity of the
study areas and the incidence of malaria vector in the
study. A negative correlation (r = -0.343), (r = -0.240)
also exists between the rainfall of the study areas and the
incidence of malaria vectors in the study areas. This
study has provided essential baseline data for the
climate-malaria vector incidence relationship.
Keywords :
Climate Change, Malaria, Vector, Temperature, Rainfall
