This article aims to make a diagnosis of the impact of performance-based financing on the difficulties of schooling in rural areas. It is inspired by the conditions of the quality of education highlighted by the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000, to identify the shortcomings that hinder the optimal functioning of education. The methodology used is propensity score matching which consists of comparing the results of two groups of pilot and control schools to analyse the impact by estimation.

Keywords : Performance-based financing, quality of education, schooling, new public management.