Authors :
Mateo P. Prosia; Raul C. Orongan; James L. Paglinawan
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 5 - May
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/2pszeb99
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/4nmvzejn
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26May769
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Abstract :
This study examined the relationship between resource generation capability and adaptive leadership and
educational program implementation among 300 school administrators in DepEd Bukidnon during School Year 2025–2026.
A descriptive-correlational design was used, and data was gathered through validated and pilot-tested questionnaires
covering resource generation capability, adaptive leadership, and educational program implementation, with Brigada
Eskwela included as a major school-based program. The findings showed that school administrators demonstrated very
high levels of resource generation capability, adaptive leadership, and educational program implementation. Resource
generation capability was very high in terms of setting expectations, focusing on learning, fostering collaboration, and
managing resources strategically. Adaptive leadership was also very high in flexibility in decision-making, proactive
problem-solving, emotional resilience, and innovative practices. Educational program implementation, which included
program planning and organization, resource mobilization and support, and monitoring, evaluation, and empowerment,
was likewise very highly practiced. Correlation results revealed significant positive relationships between educational
program implementation and all dimensions of resource generation capability and adaptive leadership. This indicates that
stronger resource generation and adaptive leadership are associated with more effective educational program
implementation. The null hypothesis on no significant relationship was rejected. Regression analysis further showed that
emotional resilience was the strongest predictor, followed by setting expectations for resource generation, fostering schoolcommunity linkages, managing resources strategically, proactive problem-solving, and innovative practices. The null
hypothesis on no significant predictors was also rejected. The study concludes that adaptive leadership and resource
generation capability are essential in strengthening Brigada Eskwela and other educational programs in DepEd Bukidnon.
Keywords :
Resource Generation Capability, Adaptive Leadership, Educational Program Implementation, School Administrators
References :
- Andrada, M. (2022). School leadership and program implementation in Philippine basic education. Manila: Educational Research Journal.
- Coburn, C. E. (2017). Policy implementation and the school context: A framework for analysis. Educational Researcher, 46(1), 77–87.
- Dela Cruz, J. (2019). Resource mobilization in Philippine public schools: Challenges and strategies. Philippine Journal of Education, 94(2), 45–60.
- Datnow, A., & Park, V. (2021). Implementation of educational reforms: Balancing fidelity and adaptation. Journal of Educational Change, 22(3), 321–340.
- Department of Education (DepEd). (2022). Guidelines on the implementation of Brigada Eskwela. Manila: DepEd Central Office.
- DepEd Philippines. (2025). Annual report on program implementation in basic education. Manila: Department of Education.
- Famero, R. (2024). Community partnerships and resource support in Brigada Eskwela. Philippine Education Review, 12(1), 88–102.
- Fullan, M. (2016). The new meaning of educational change (5th ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
- Heifetz, R. A. (1994). Leadership without easy answers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Heifetz, R. A., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership: Tools and tactics for changing your organization and the world. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
- Heifetz, R. A., & Linsky, M. (2002). Leadership on the line: Staying alive through the dangers of leading. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
- Penuel, W. R., & Fishman, B. J. (2020). Design-based implementation research: Toward a new model for educational program implementation. Educational Researcher, 49(4), 243–252.
- Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. (2017). The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective (Updated ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Rosel, A., Valerio, M., & Toledo, J. (2023). Resource generation and program sustainability in DepEd schools. Philippine Journal of Educational Leadership, 15(2), 101–118.
- Rosel, A., et al. (2025). Leadership adaptability in Philippine schools: Responding to complexity and change. International Journal of Educational Reform, 34(1), 55–70.
- SEAMEO INNOTECH. (2020). Professional development frameworks for school heads in Southeast Asia. Quezon City: SEAMEO INNOTECH.
- Toledo, J. (2025). Resource-oriented leadership and school effectiveness. Journal of Educational Administration, 63(3), 289–305.
- UNESCO. (2024). Global education monitoring report: Policy implementation and resource challenges. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
- Valerio, M. (2023). Budget constraints and resource mobilization in Philippine schools. Philippine Education Studies, 11(3), 67–82.
- Valerio, M. (2024). Resource management and sustainability in basic education. Journal of Philippine Educational Policy, 13(1), 45–60.
This study examined the relationship between resource generation capability and adaptive leadership and
educational program implementation among 300 school administrators in DepEd Bukidnon during School Year 2025–2026.
A descriptive-correlational design was used, and data was gathered through validated and pilot-tested questionnaires
covering resource generation capability, adaptive leadership, and educational program implementation, with Brigada
Eskwela included as a major school-based program. The findings showed that school administrators demonstrated very
high levels of resource generation capability, adaptive leadership, and educational program implementation. Resource
generation capability was very high in terms of setting expectations, focusing on learning, fostering collaboration, and
managing resources strategically. Adaptive leadership was also very high in flexibility in decision-making, proactive
problem-solving, emotional resilience, and innovative practices. Educational program implementation, which included
program planning and organization, resource mobilization and support, and monitoring, evaluation, and empowerment,
was likewise very highly practiced. Correlation results revealed significant positive relationships between educational
program implementation and all dimensions of resource generation capability and adaptive leadership. This indicates that
stronger resource generation and adaptive leadership are associated with more effective educational program
implementation. The null hypothesis on no significant relationship was rejected. Regression analysis further showed that
emotional resilience was the strongest predictor, followed by setting expectations for resource generation, fostering schoolcommunity linkages, managing resources strategically, proactive problem-solving, and innovative practices. The null
hypothesis on no significant predictors was also rejected. The study concludes that adaptive leadership and resource
generation capability are essential in strengthening Brigada Eskwela and other educational programs in DepEd Bukidnon.
Keywords :
Resource Generation Capability, Adaptive Leadership, Educational Program Implementation, School Administrators