This paper aims to highlight the relevance of Arthashastra and his economic principles in today’s economic world. The significance of the study in the field of economics by Chanakya, the ancient Indian scholar and administrator of the Maurya dynasty, dated roughly between the 4th century BCE and the 3rd century BCE is noteworthy. Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, wrote an important work on economics – Kautilya Arthashastra, the science of wealth, which contains different microaspects of governing such as administration, statecraft and military strategy. The Arthashastra was originally written for Chandragupta Maurya, but today, it is the most reputed ancient text on economics. He was an ethical, intellectual, progressive, and far-sighted independent individual who believed in building a systematic organizational structure for the peace and prosperity of his people. Chandragupta Maurya’s era was stated as ‘The Initiation of Golden Age of India’, with Chanakya as his advisor. Arthashastra promotes yogakshema i.e karma-yoga (dedication towards work), dhyana-yoga (contemplation and meditation) and bhaktiyoga (devotion towards the supreme) for the betterment of humanity

Keywords : Chanakya, Kautilya Arthashastra, Economics, Administration.