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Recent Advance in Radiation Decay Radioisotopes for Targeted Nuclear Medicine and Cancer Treatment


Authors : Sarvar Jahan; Payal Patle; Surbhi Dhurve; Savan Kanade; Anjali Kushwha

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 10 - October


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/nh7zeer2

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26Oct347

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Radioactive decay is one of those processes that seems narrow until you see how many fields depend on it. This review looks at how decaying radioisotopes are used across science and medicine, with a focus on targeted nuclear medicine and cancer treatment. We start with the basics, the different types of decay and how half- life governs the way radioactivity fades, and then trace its uses in energy, industry, space science, and materials testing. The care of the paper is medical.

Keywords : Radioactive Decay, Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmaceuticals PET-SPECT Imaging, Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT), Dosimetry Half-Life, Alpha-Beta-Gamma Decay, Theranostics, Actinium-225, Lutetium-117, Technetium-99M, Radiation Safety (ALARA), Nuclear Medicine Imaging.

References :

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  4. International Atomic Energy Agency. (2011). Geological Disposal Facilities for Radioactive Waste. IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-14.
  5. International Atomic Energy Agency. (2026). GSR Part 5: Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste. IAEA Safety Standards.
  6. World Health Organization. (2018). Radiation Protection and Safety in Medical Uses of Ionizing Radiation. WHO/IAEA/ILO/PAHO technical guidance.
  7. Alqahtani, F. F. (2023). SPECT/CT and PET/CT, related radiopharmaceuticals, and areas of application and comparison. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 31, 312–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2022.12.013
  8. Naikwadi, A. T., Sharma, B. K., Bhatt, K. D., & Mahanwar, P. A. (2022). Gamma Radiation Processed Polymeric Materials for High Performance Applications: A Review. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10, 837111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.837111
  9. Bansal, N., & Arora, S. (2024). Exploring the impact of gamma rays and electron beam irradiation on physico-mechanical properties of polymers & polymer composites: A comprehensive review. Nuclear Instruments and
  10. Methods in Physics Research Section B, 549, 165297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165297
  11. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025). FDA expands Pluvicto’s metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer indication. FDA, 28 March 2025.
  12. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2024). FDA approves lutetium Lu 177 dotatate for pediatric patients 12 years and older with GEP-NETS. FDA, 23 April 2024.
  13. Radioisotopes in Quaternary geochronology: Recent advances. (2026). Quaternary geochronology review literature indexed in PubMed.
  14. Radiopharmaceuticals for PET and SPECT Imaging: A Literature Review over the Last Decade. (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(9), 5023.

Radioactive decay is one of those processes that seems narrow until you see how many fields depend on it. This review looks at how decaying radioisotopes are used across science and medicine, with a focus on targeted nuclear medicine and cancer treatment. We start with the basics, the different types of decay and how half- life governs the way radioactivity fades, and then trace its uses in energy, industry, space science, and materials testing. The care of the paper is medical.

Keywords : Radioactive Decay, Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmaceuticals PET-SPECT Imaging, Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT), Dosimetry Half-Life, Alpha-Beta-Gamma Decay, Theranostics, Actinium-225, Lutetium-117, Technetium-99M, Radiation Safety (ALARA), Nuclear Medicine Imaging.

Paper Submission Last Date
31 - October - 2026

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