Authors :
Ngwafong Mukere Gladys; Tendongfor Nicolas; Samje Moses; Mary Bi Suh Atanga
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 12 - December
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/566suda5
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/33em4ku2
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14553906
Abstract :
Introduction
Over the past ten years, access to adequate and
affordable antiretroviral medications has expanded
globally for people of all ages. Adolescents with HIV,
however, have inferior treatment outcomes because of
suboptimal adherence, which results in a high viral load
and its associated effects, including higher mortality,
morbidity, OIs, and HIV medication resistance mutation.
This review aims to identify predictors and current
strategies to promote ART adherence in adolescents and
young people in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Method:
We searched databases such as Pub Med and Google
Scholar for articles published in English from 2000 to 2024
related to factors affecting ART adherence in adolescents
(10-19 years) and interventions to mitigate the challenges
and promote ART adherence and treatment outcomes in
adolescents living with HIV. Only studies on ART
adherence or strategies to enhance ART adherence in
adolescents 10-19 years and young people 10-24 years
living with HIV in Sub-Sahara Africa were included in the
review.
Results:
Factors linked to ART adherence and interventions to
improve adherence in adolescents and youths were
identified at individual client level, family level, health
system delivery and healthcare provider level and
medication level. Adherence interventions were tailored to
mitigate specific level predictors. Individual-level
interventions such as memory aids (SMS reminder) and
therapeutic education counseling alone were not associated
with significantly improved adherence in adolescents and
adults. Health service delivery interventions such as age-
adapted adolescent support group clinics over the
weekend, after-school services in conjunction with peer
support, and single-dose daily medication were associated
with an increase in adherence to ART. Financial
empowerment of family, adolescents, and HIV treatment
literacy were linked to improved adherence. A
combination of interventions cutting across multiple levels
of interventions appears to be more effective in improving
adherence in adolescents.
Conclusion:
A combination of directly observed therapy engaging
adolescent peer supporters and memory aides in a well-
structured health service delivery system is an effective
intervention to enhance ART adherence in adolescents.
More studies are needed to determine the effects of
combination interventions in achieving optimal adherence
among adolescents on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords :
HIV Treatment, Adherence Interventions, Viral Suppression, Adolescents.
References :
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Introduction
Over the past ten years, access to adequate and
affordable antiretroviral medications has expanded
globally for people of all ages. Adolescents with HIV,
however, have inferior treatment outcomes because of
suboptimal adherence, which results in a high viral load
and its associated effects, including higher mortality,
morbidity, OIs, and HIV medication resistance mutation.
This review aims to identify predictors and current
strategies to promote ART adherence in adolescents and
young people in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Method:
We searched databases such as Pub Med and Google
Scholar for articles published in English from 2000 to 2024
related to factors affecting ART adherence in adolescents
(10-19 years) and interventions to mitigate the challenges
and promote ART adherence and treatment outcomes in
adolescents living with HIV. Only studies on ART
adherence or strategies to enhance ART adherence in
adolescents 10-19 years and young people 10-24 years
living with HIV in Sub-Sahara Africa were included in the
review.
Results:
Factors linked to ART adherence and interventions to
improve adherence in adolescents and youths were
identified at individual client level, family level, health
system delivery and healthcare provider level and
medication level. Adherence interventions were tailored to
mitigate specific level predictors. Individual-level
interventions such as memory aids (SMS reminder) and
therapeutic education counseling alone were not associated
with significantly improved adherence in adolescents and
adults. Health service delivery interventions such as age-
adapted adolescent support group clinics over the
weekend, after-school services in conjunction with peer
support, and single-dose daily medication were associated
with an increase in adherence to ART. Financial
empowerment of family, adolescents, and HIV treatment
literacy were linked to improved adherence. A
combination of interventions cutting across multiple levels
of interventions appears to be more effective in improving
adherence in adolescents.
Conclusion:
A combination of directly observed therapy engaging
adolescent peer supporters and memory aides in a well-
structured health service delivery system is an effective
intervention to enhance ART adherence in adolescents.
More studies are needed to determine the effects of
combination interventions in achieving optimal adherence
among adolescents on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords :
HIV Treatment, Adherence Interventions, Viral Suppression, Adolescents.