The Phytochemical Screening of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Fruit and Leaf of the Balaniteaegyptiacaplant was carried out using standard method to investigate the presence of secondary metabolites. The main objective of this study is to determinethe phytochemicalsof the aqueous and ethanolicextracts of B. aegyptiaca plant parts. The leaf and fruit of the plant were screened using ethanol and water as a solvents. The results revealed the presence of some major compounds including, alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic, reducing sugar, resins, saponins and tannins. The results of the phytochemical screening of B. aegyptiacaleaf and fruit extracts using ethanol as a solvent showed that the extract of the plant parts revealed the presence of anthraquinonessaponins and tannins in both leaf and fruit extracts respectively. The ethanolic extract of the plant parts revealed the presence of alkaloids and phenolic in the leaf. While, flavonoid, reducing sugar and resins were detected only in the fruit extract. But glycosides were found to be absents in both the leaf and fruit respectively. Similarly, when water was used as a solvent the phytochemical screening of B. aegyptiaca leaf and fruit extracts revealed the presence of alkaloid, anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic, reducing sugar, saponins and tannins. The present study indicated that the fruits was the only part among the tested plant parts that contained resins compound. However, among the phytochemical compounds screened, saponins were found to be in excess in both ethanolic and water extract. But, none of the chosen solvent (water and ethanol) was able to extract resins out from the leaf. This indicated that the resins are not presence in the leaf of B. aegyptiaca, or may be the used solvents cannot extract it.

Keywords : Balaniteaegyptiaca, Phytochemicals, Ethanolic Extracts, Aqueous Extracts.