Authors :
Govind Haldankar; Gaurav Galbal; Vikram Choudhary; Sanket Kanoja
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 7 - July
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/y7e37xva
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/mt7ry5wb
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24JUL605
Abstract :
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause
of vision impairment and blindness in diabetics. Early
detection and treatments are critical in preventing
irreparable retinal damage. Manual detection of diabetic
retinopathy by an ophthalmologist takes a long time, and
patients must suffer greatly during this time. This paper
presents an automated approach for rapid DR
detection using the DenseNet-121 architecture. Our
model achieves an accuracy exceeding 80%, with a
precision score of 81% and a recall score of 86%,
indicating its high effectiveness in detecting DR.
Additionally, we developed a server-based
implementation where the trained model is deployed.
Images captured by a camera are uploaded to a cloud
server, which processes them and sends back a
diagnostic response. This study contributes to
continuing efforts to create efficient and reliable
techniques for early DR identification, resulting in
earliermanagement and better patient outcomes.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy, DenseNet Architecture, Retinal Fundus Images, Cloud Server, Real-time Screening.
References :
- K. NEM, M. Loey, M. H. N. Taha, and H. N. E. T. Mohamed, ”Deep transfer learning models for medical diabetic retinopathy de- tection,” Acta Inform. Med., vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 327-332, 2019, doi: 10.5455/aim.2019.27.327-332.
- A. Bajwa, N. Nosheen, K. I. Talpur, and S. Akram, ”A prospective study on diabetic retinopathy detection based on modify convolutional neural network using fundus images at Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences,” Diagnostics, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 393, 2023, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics 13030393.
- R. Revathy, B. S. Nithya, J. J. Reshma, S. S. Ragendhu, and M. D. Sumithra, ”Diabetic retinopathy detection using machine learning,” Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol., vol. 9, 2020.
- A. Dhakal, L. P. Bastola, and S. Shakya, ”Detection and classification of diabetic retinopathy using adaptive boosting and artificial neural network,” Int. J. Adv. Res. Publ., vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 191-196, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/aug2019.html
- F. Alzami, A. Arya Megantara, and A. Z. Fanani, ”Diabetic retinopathy grade classification based on fractal analysis and random forest,” in Int. Seminar on Appl. for Tech. of Info. and Comm., 2019.
- S. Choudhury, S. Bandyopadhyay, S. K. Latib, D. K. Kole, and C. Giri, ”Fuzzy C means based feature extraction and classification of diabetic retinopathy using support vector machines,” in Int. Conf. Commun. Signal Process., 2016.
- S. Sangwan, V. Sharma, and M. Kakkar, ”Identification of different stages of diabetic retinopathy,” in Int. Conf. Comput. Comput. Sci., 2015.
- V. Gulshan et al., ”Development and validation of a deep learning algo- rithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs,” JAMA, vol. 316, no. 22, p. 2402, 2016.
- R. Gargeya and T. Leng, ”Automated identification of diabetic retinopathy using deep learning,” Ophthalmology, vol. 124, no. 7, pp. 962-969, 2017.
- K. Oh, H. M. Kang, D. Leem, H. Lee, K. Y. Seo, and S. Yoon, ”Early detection of diabetic retinopathy based on deep learning and ultra-wide- field fundus images,” Nature Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1897, 2021. [Online].
- A. Sharma, S. Shinde, I. I. Shaikh, M. Vyas, and S. Rani, ”Machine learning approach for detection of diabetic retinopathy with improved pre- processing,” in Int. Conf. Comput., Commun., and Intell. Syst. (ICCCIS), 2021. [Online].
- A. Dhakal, L. P. Bastola, and S. Shakya, ”Detection and classification of diabetic retinopathy using adaptive boosting and artificial neural network,” Int. J. Adv. Res. Publ., 2019.
- Kaggle, ”Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Dataset.” [Online]. Available: https://www.kaggle.com/ competitions/diabetic-retinopathy-detection/data
- K. Shinde and S. Kulkarni, ”Business oriented enhancement model for diabetic retinopathy detection,” in Int. Conf. Business Manage., Innov., and Sustain. (ICBMIS), 2020.
- V. Sapra et al., ”Diabetic retinopathy detection using deep learning with optimized feature selection,” Traitement du Signal, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 781-790, 2024, doi: 10.18280/ts.410219.
- N. M. Al-Moosawi and R. S. Khudeyer, ”ResNet-n/DR: Automated di- agnosis of diabetic retinopathy using a residual neural network,” Telkom- nika, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 1051-1059, 2023, doi: 10.12928/ TELKOM- NIKA.v21i5.24515.
- Z. Gao et al., ”Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy using deep neural networks,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 3360-3370, 2019, doi: 10.1109/AC- CESS.2018. 2888639.
- Y. S. Kanungo, B. Srinivasan, and S. Choudhary, ”Detecting diabetic retinopathy using deep learning,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Recent Trends in Electron., Info. and Commun. Technol. (RTEICT), 2017, pp. 801-804, doi: 10.1109/RTEICT.2017.8256708.
- A. Sebastian, O. Elharrouss, S. Al-Maadeed, and N. Almaadeed, ”A survey on deep-learning-based diabetic retinopathy classification,” Diag- nostics, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 345, 2023, doi: 10.3390/ diagnostics13030345.
- K. Bhatia, S. Arora, and R. Tomar, ”Diagnosis of diabetic retinopa- thy using machine learning classification algorithm,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Next Gen. Comput. Technol. (NGCT), 2016, pp. 347-351, doi: 10.1109/NGCT.2016.7877439.
- K. Bhatia, S. Arora, and R. Tomar, ”Diagnosis of diabetic retinopa- thy using machine learning classification algorithm,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Next Gen. Comput. Technol. (NGCT), 2016, pp. 347-351, doi: 10.1109/NGCT.2016.7877439.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause
of vision impairment and blindness in diabetics. Early
detection and treatments are critical in preventing
irreparable retinal damage. Manual detection of diabetic
retinopathy by an ophthalmologist takes a long time, and
patients must suffer greatly during this time. This paper
presents an automated approach for rapid DR
detection using the DenseNet-121 architecture. Our
model achieves an accuracy exceeding 80%, with a
precision score of 81% and a recall score of 86%,
indicating its high effectiveness in detecting DR.
Additionally, we developed a server-based
implementation where the trained model is deployed.
Images captured by a camera are uploaded to a cloud
server, which processes them and sends back a
diagnostic response. This study contributes to
continuing efforts to create efficient and reliable
techniques for early DR identification, resulting in
earliermanagement and better patient outcomes.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy, DenseNet Architecture, Retinal Fundus Images, Cloud Server, Real-time Screening.