Authors : Darius Hadaegh

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 10 - October

---

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/crur3t6t

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26Oct921

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

---

Abstract : This review combines EEG and fMRI studies of cognitive task completion with and without generative AI from the standpoint of the recent MIT “Your Brain on ChatGPT” study. Next, the results of these studies are used to make an inference about brain chemistry and brain structure through PET, MRS, and MRI/DTI studies of reward system functioning and intensive use of technological gadgets. The newly released OpenNeuro dataset ds008496 that provides EEG data collected when writing essays in conditions of interaction with various AI systems becomes the next step of this research line.

References :

1. Kosmyna, N., Hauptmann, E., Yuan, Y. T., Situ, J., Liao, X., Beresnitzky, A. V., Braunstein, I., & Maes, P. (2025). Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task. arXiv:2506.08872.
2. Horowitz-Kraus, T., Kenett, Y. N., Link, D., Ashqar, E., & Farah, R. (2025). Lower engagement of cognitive control, attention, modulation networks and lower creativity in children while using ChatGPT: an fMRI study. bioRxiv 2025.11.07.687207.
3. Wang et al. (2025). EEG during creative design with AI tools. Frontiers in Psychology.
4. Alavash, M. et al. Cortical beta oscillations map to shared brain networks modulated by dopamine. eLife (reviewed preprint, 2024).
5. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (2014). Alpha and beta EEG power reflects L-dopa acute administration in parkinsonian patients.
6. PMC10886955. EEG Frequency Correlates with α2-Receptor Density in Parkinson's Disease.
7. ScienceDirect (2011). Enhanced reward sensitivity and decreased loss sensitivity in Internet addicts: An fMRI study during a guessing task.
8. ScienceDirect (2017). New developments in brain research of internet and gaming disorder.
9. PMC9054652. Structural gray matter differences in Problematic Usage of the Internet: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10. Springer Nature (2015). Problematic internet use is associated with structural alterations in the brain reward system in females. Brain Imaging and Behavior.
11. PMC7366941. Neurobiological correlates of internet gaming disorder (review).
12. OpenNeuro Dataset ds008496 v1.0.1. Brain Connectivity Based on EEG of Student Learning Processes Using Gen-AI. Kistijantoro, A. I., et al. (2026).