Authors : Daksh Kumar; Vikramaditya; Rohit Tawar; Asha Raghav

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 4 - April

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/bdrj42uf

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/bdhb42wf

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25apr068

Google Scholar

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Note : Google Scholar may take 15 to 20 days to display the article.

Abstract : Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that causes inflammation and can lead to tooth loss if not treated properly. Traditional treatments, like deep cleaning and antibiotics, have some downsides—antibiotics which do not reach deep into the gums effectively and can cause unwanted side effects in the body. This study looks at a new way to treat periodontitis using a special gel called a nano-emulgel. This gel combines tiny droplets of medicine (nanoemulsion) with a gel base, making it easier for the medicine to stay on the gums and work for a longer time. The gel contains azithromycin, an antibiotic, and eugenol, a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties (found in clove oil). To make the gel, scientists used Carbopol 940 (a thickening agent), Tween-80, and PEG-400 (which help mix the ingredients). When tested, the gel had a good pH balance (7.24), spread easily, and remained stable without separating. The combination of azithromycin and eugenol improved the medicine’s effectiveness and helped reduce inflammation. Overall, this nano-emulgel could be a better way to treat periodontitis by delivering medicine directly to the gums, avoiding the side effects of traditional antibiotics. More clinical studies are needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness before it can be widely used.

References :

1. Valarmathy S*, Dr. Devi Damayanthi R, Dr. Daisy Chella Kumari S, Surya S, Sri Vidhya P, Vaishnavi Durga GK . Nanoemulgels combine nanoemulsions and hydrogels to improve drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability (11-12)
2. Singhvi, G., & Dubey, S. K. Nanoemulgel: A Novel Nano Carrier for Topical Drug Delivery. Available at: MDPI
3. Lal, D. K., & Kumar, B. An Overview of Nanoemulgels for Inflammatory Conditions. Available at: MDPI
4. Ansari, A., Verma, M., & Majhi, S. Comprehensive Review of Nanoemulgel Applications. Available at: Eureka Select
5. Nanogel-based delivery of azithromycin for the treatment of periodontitis" in Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 6(5), 504-513.
6. Nanoemulsion-based gel formulations for topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs: A review" in Journal of Controlled Release.
7. Chandel P, Kumari R, Kapoor A, Liquisolid technique: an approach for enhancement of solubility, Journal of drug delivery and therapeutics, 2013; 3(4):131-137
8. Miryala V, Kurakula M, Self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems  of azithromycin–formulation and bioavailability studies, Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics, 2013; 3(3):131-142.
9. Singh J, Walia M, Harikumar SL, Solubility enhancement by solid dispersion method: a review, Journal of drug delivery and Therapeutics, 2013;
10. Dalvi PB, Gerange AB, Ingale PR, Solid dispersion: strategy to enhance solubility, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2015; 5(2):20-28.
11. Aungst BJ. Novel formulation strategies for improving topical bioavailability of drugs with poor membrane permeation or presystemic metabolism. J Pharm Sci 1993; 82:979-987.
12. Shah DP, Patel B, Shah C, Nanoemulgel technology: A innovative slant for drug delivery system and permeability enhancer for poorly water soluble drugs, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2015; 5(1):10-23.
13. Venkatesh, G. et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of buparvaquone. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 2010; 36:735–745.
14. Gursoy, R.N. and Benita, S. Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems for improved topica;l delivery of lipophilic drugs. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2004; 58:173–182.
15.  Singh, B. et al. Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems: formulation development, characterization, and applications. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 2009; 26:427–521
16. Sefton, A. M., et al. "Azithromycin in the treatment of periodontal disease effect on microbial flora." Journal of clinical periodontology 23.11 (1996): 998-1003.
17. Nisar, Muhammad Farrukh, et al. "Pharmacological properties and health benefits of eugenol: A comprehensive review." Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2021.1 (2021): 2497354.
18. Sharma, A., Bhardwaj, G., Sohal, H. S., & Gohain, A. (2022). Eugenol. In Nutraceuticals and health care (pp. 177-198). Academic Press.
19. Makuch, Edyta, et al. "Enhancement of the antioxidant and skin permeation properties of eugenol by the esterification of eugenol to new derivatives." AMB Express 10 (2020): 1-15.
20. Barboza, Joice Nascimento, et al. "An overview on the anti‐inflammatory potential and antioxidant profile of eugenol." Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2018.1 (2018): 3957262.
21. Gülçin, İlhami. "Antioxidant activity of eugenol: A structure–activity relationship study." Journal of medicinal food 14.9 (2011): 975-985.
22. Lee, M. H., et al. "Eugenol inhibits calcium currents in dental afferent neurons." Journal of dental research 84.9 (2005): 848-851.
23. Shen, Mengsi, and Yiqing Yan. "Clinical Impact of Root Canal Treatment Combined with Eugenol Cement on Acute Pulpitis and its Influence on Inflammatory Factor Levels." (2024): 426-431.