The local chicken is of great economic and socio-cultural importance in Burkina Faso. However, this breeding is not well documented. The purpose of this study is toprovide an overview of this activity, which is becoming increasingly important in both rural and periurban areas. A socio- economic survey was therefore conducted on 750 people in the three agro-ecological zones of the country. The study revealed that poultry farming is practiced by 66% ofmen and 34% of women; 45% of them have not received formal education and 35.33% of them are literate in local languages. Among the respondents, 39.47% have been trained in animal husbandry and 21.47% are members of farmers' organizations. Twentypercent of respondents are largescale producers who raise chickens exclusively. Among the small producers, 70% of them operate a mixture of poultry species, while 30% are exclusively involved in chicken. In terms of morpho-biometrics, local chickens weigh an average of 0.82kg with a maximum of 1.850kg. A strong correlation was found between the weight and the length of the neck-cloaca (r =0.50), the weight and the age of the subjects (r=0.53).Local chicken farming in Burkina is characterized by a strong tendency to semidivide (42%). The constraints noted for the activity are diseases (35.2%), access to raw materials for food, financing and lack of infrastructure, and unfair competition (14%). This study identified the strengths and weaknesses of poultry farming in three agroecological zones of Burkina Faso.

Keywords : Poultry Farming ; Agro Ecological Zone ; Burkina Faso