Internship Experiences in Relation to Employment Preparedness and Skills Development among Business Administration Graduates


Authors : Airah B. Lañas; April Farell M. Relacion

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 5 - May


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/5yjm62tu

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25may1152

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : In today’s competitive job market, higher education institutions face increasing pressure to equip graduates with the skills and competencies needed for successful employment. This study explores the relationship between internship experiences and the employment preparedness and skills development of Business Administration graduates in the Philippines. Grounded in Experiential Learning Theory, Human Capital Theory, and Social Cognitive Theory, the research aims to determine how internship quality, relevance, and perceived value impact graduates’ job readiness, professional awareness, and adaptability. The study involved graduates from various private and public higher education institutions in the Philippines. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational design, the study surveyed 120 BSBA graduates through researcher- made questionnaires. Findings revealed that internship experiences were perceived to be of very high quality and significantly influenced job readiness and professional awareness, but had no significant relationship with the application of theoretical knowledge, adaptability, or employability. While internships were effective in enhancing workplace readiness, they alone were insufficient for comprehensive skills development. The study recommends enhancing internship structures, integrating reflective learning, and supplementing practical experiences with targeted training to ensure graduates are better equipped for dynamic work environments. It is recommended that academic institutions strengthen partnership with industry stakeholders to co-design internship programs that are both skill-enriching and career-aligned.

Keywords : Business Administration, Competencies, Employability, Internship, Mentorship.

References :

  1. Adams, M. K., & Jessup-Anger, J. E. (2025). The roles of supervisor care and trust and sense of belonging in promoting internship satisfaction. https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/TLI/article/view/78621
  2. Ahmad, N. (2020). Accounting Students’ Internship Satisfaction on the Work from Home (WFH) Experience during Internship. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal Vol. 12, No. 4 (2020). http://gbmrjournal.com/pdf/v12n4/V12N4-2.pdf
  3. Akhtar & Parker (2024). Adapting Skills for a Dynamic Job Market. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/et-01-2018-0017/full/html
  4. Ameliah, A. D., & Jatnika, R. (2024). Descriptive study of college student’s career adaptability with an internship experience. Annals of Human Resource Management Research, 4(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.35912/ahrmr.v4i1.1806
  5. Amer, T. M., Elsaied, M. A., & Aladaweiy, A. A. (2024). The impact of internship programs' effectiveness on students' satisfaction and career choice. Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, University of Sadat City, 8(2/3).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/389945226_The_Impact_of_InternshipPrograms'_Effectiveness_on_Students'_Satisfaction_and_Career_Choice
  6. Bawica, I. (2021). The University Internship Program and its Effects on Students’ Employability Readiness. International Journal of Academe and Industry Research. Volume 2 Issue 3. https://iiari.org/journal_article/ijairv2-3-168/
  7. Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education (3rd Edition). https://bit.ly/3OA4LyS
  8. Brinkman, L., & Hurst, M. (2023). Social Cognitive Theory | Overview, Definition & Examples. https://study.com/academy/lesson/social-cognitive-learning-theory-definition-and-examples.html
  9. Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2011). Business Research Methods. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. https://bit.ly/3IgxkxB
  10. Cai, Y., Wang, L., & Binti Omar, N. A. (2023). The influence of internship satisfaction and the psychological contract on career identity behavior of fresh graduates. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1294799. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1294799/full
  11. Carlson, H., English R., Geduld H., Nyasulu, J. C., Louw, Q., Berner, K., Charumbira, M. Y., Pappin M., and McCaul, M. (2024). Defining and identifying the critical elements of operational readiness for public health emergency events: a rapid scoping review. https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/8/e014379
  12. CBA (2020). BSBA Limited Face-To-Face InternshipProgram.https://www.usep.edu.ph/cba/bsba-limited-face-to-face-internship-program/
  13.  Chen, L., Patel, R., & Thompson, B. (2020). Aligning Internship Programs with Industry Needs: A Human Capital Approach. Business and Economic Review, 38(4), 345-       360. https://doi.org/10.3456/ber.v38i4.1234
  14. Covacevich, C., Mann, A., & Percy, C. (2021). Longitudinal studies of teenage internship/work experience programmes in general secondary education in relation to outcomes in the adult labour market. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/02/internshi ps-for-secondary-school-students-in-general-education_f19d9324/0f020b75-en.pdf
  15. Dakich, E. (2022). Student internship experiences: areas for improvement and student choices of internship practices. Education + Training, 64(4), 516-532 https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/et-09-2021-0337/full/html
  16. Edwards, P., Malbuyo A., & Maratas, R., (2024). Impact of Internship Experiences on Skills Development. Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(2),          195 207. https://bit.ly/3Vn2iM6
  17. Foster (2024). Why CISB? A whole world of good reasons. https://foster.uw.edu/academics/certificates-and-minors/certificate-of-international-studies-in-business/
  18. Garcia, M., & Nguyen, T. (2022). Enhancing Employability through Internships: A Human Capital Perspective. Journal of Applied Economics and Business, 54(3),             210-225. https://doi.org/10.2345/jeb.v54i3.7890
  19. Gray, A. (2022) The Impact of Internships on Graduates’ Employability: Employers’ Insights. https://snef.org.sg/
  20. Hergert, M. (2023). Student Perceptions Of The Value Of Internships In Business Education. American Journal of Business Education. Volume 2, Number 8. http://bit.ly/4ihRwAH
  21. Herman, B. (2023). Career Exploration & Student Employment. Indiana University Bloomington     https://careerexploration.indiana.edu/jobs-and-internships/develop-skills/critical-thinking.html
  22. Herrity, J. (2024). Conceptual Skills: Definition, Types and Examples. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/conceptual-skills
  23. Homer, G. (2024). New Report Examines the Value of Global Internships in Building Career Readiness. https://bit.ly/3OEJkNi
  24. Hora, M., Parrott, E., and Her, P. (2020). Exploring Student Perspectives on College Internships: Implications for Equitable and Responsive Program Design.https://wcer.wisc.edu/docs/workingpapers/WCER_Working_Paper_No_2019_5.pdf
  25. Howitt, A. (2025). Crisis Management and Emergency Preparedness.https://coursebrowser.dce.harvard.edu/course/crisis-management-and-emergency-preparedness/
  26. Jacob (2024). Summer Internships: The Top 10 Soft Skills To Learn From Your Employer As A Summer Intern. https://bit.ly/3VoYSZ8
  27. Jawabri, A.K. (2020). Exploration of Internship Experience and Satisfaction Leading to Better Career Prospects among Business Students in UAE. American Journal of Educational Research. 5(10):1065-1079. https://bit.ly/3D0O1yx
  28. Jolo, E. (2023). The Role of Internship on Preparing Students for Employment: Empirical Evidence from Basilan State College. https://ijmrap.com/
  29. Kapareliotis, I., & Patsiotis, A. (2019). Internship Experiences and Career Preparedness. https://mjbas.com/data/uploads/6365.pdf
  30. Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. https://bit.ly/4eTYokZ
  31. Knemeyer, A. M., & Murphy, P. R. (2002). Logistics student internships: Employer and student perspectives. International Journal of Physical Distribution & LogisticsManagement.https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1316995.pdf
  32. Lappe, J. M. (2000). Taking the Mystery Out of Research. Descriptive Correlational Design. Orthopedic Nursing;Pitman.https://www.proquest.com/openview/5e4a05473a8bc0a6eba1c9e019ddb450/1?pq
  33. Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2024). Practical Research: Planning and Design (9th ed.). https://bit.ly/2P7WZQV
  34. Lee, K., Park, S., & Kim, H. (2023). Virtual Internships and Experiential Learning: Adapting Kolb’s Learning Cycle to Remote Environments. International Journal of Educational Technology, 39(1), 89-105. https://bit.ly/41jjTZ9
  35. Lim, A. (2022). Developing Work-Ready Graduates: The Role of Internships. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1472811715000221
  36. Mainga, W., Murphy-Braynen, M. B., Moxey, R., & Quddus, S. A. (2022). Graduate Employability of Business Students. Administrative Sciences, 12(3), 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12030072
  37. Malbuyo, A. (2024). Skills development through internships. International Journal of Management Studies, 18(4), 45-60. https://fbj.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43093-022-00100-x
  38. Margolis, A. (2023). Experiential Learning and Internships. https://ed.stanford.edu/careers/internships
  39. Mondal, S. (2020). The Potential Power of Internships and the Impact on Career Preparation. Research in Higher Education Journal. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1263677
  40. Mosaic (2024). What is Skills Development?. https://bit.ly/3ZzTsxe
  41. Muzamil, M., & Shiraz, M. (2022). Impact of internship on the employability skills of students at university level. UMT Education Review, 5(2), 46–67 https://doi.org/10.32350/uer.52.03
  42. National Association of Colleges and Employers. (2021). Study shows impact of pandemic on internships. NACE.www.naceweb.org/talentacquisition/internships/study-shows-impact-of-pandemic-on-internships/
  43. Nickerson, C. (2024). Albert Bandura’s Social CognitiveTheory.https://www.simplypsychology.org/social-cognitive-theory.html
  44. Pascua et al. (2022). Career Skills and On-the-Job Training Performance of Business Administration Students of a State University in Isabela, Philippines. https://bit.ly/3BqLv3U
  45. Putri, F. A., & Sulistiobudi, R. A. (2024). Shaping the future of work readiness of internship students: Role of Gen Z's resilience. Jurnal Paedagogy, 11(4), 672–683. https://doi.org/10.33093/ipbss.2025.5.1.2
  46. Randstad (2024). Effectiveness of Internships as a Bridge to Stable Employment. file:///C:/Users/63999/Downloads/anres,+Journal+editor,+04+KJSS_2017_427+%232.pdf
  47. Richfield, T. (2024). What are Conceptual Skills?. https://resumetrick.com/blog/conceptual-skills.html
  48. Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. American Economic Review, 51, 1-17. https://labor.history.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/Human%20Capital%20CfP.pdf
  49. Shaheen, F., Muzamil, M., & Shiraz, M. (2022). Impact of internship on the employability skills of students at university level. UMT Education Review, 5(2), 46–67.
  50. Shethiya, Y. C., Gaur, A. K., & Sharma, L. M. (2025). Evaluating the impact of internships on career preparedness and employability skills. Journal of East-West Thought, 15(1), 506–517. https://jetjournal.us/index.php/journals/article/download/456/290/578
  51. Smith, J., & Doe, A. (2021). Bridging Theory and Practice: The Role of Internships in Business Education through Experiential Learning. Journal of Business Education, 45(2), 123-140. https://bit.ly/4fRuEGD
  52. Stykes, C. (2020). An Introduction to Internships.https://www.uh.edu/cite/faculty-grants-and-programs/resources-for-co-curricularlearning/internship-resources/an-introduction-to-internships.pdf
  53. Tandon, R. (2023). Skills-Based Hiring and the Importance of Work Experience. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1749
  54. Tutor et al. (2019). Employability of Graduates of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. International Peer Reviewed Journal. Volume 12. https://bit.ly/3VskcNx
  55. Vinney, C. (2024). Social Cognitive Theory: How we learn from the behaviors of others. https://www.thoughtco.com/social-cognitive-theory-4174567
  56. Yeong, J., Kam, C., Lye, E., & Boo, S. (2024). The Impact of Internships on Graduates’ Employability: Employers’ Insights.https://snef.org.sg/research_resources/commentary_and_guides/Impact_of_internships_on_graduates_employability.pdf
  57. Yusra, Y., & Sari, R. M. (2025). Internship programme and work readiness among vocational students. Issues and Perspectives in Business and Social Sciences, 5(1), 15–26. https://doi.org/10.33093/ipbss.2025.5.1.2
  58. Zhao, K., Huang, J., & Duangekanong, S. (2022). Factors Influencing Satisfaction on Internship of Art Normal Students in Sichuan, China. Asia Social Issues, 15(6),Article256979.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362455265_Factors_Influencing_Satisfaction_on_Internship_of_Art_Normal_Students_in_Sichuan_China

In today’s competitive job market, higher education institutions face increasing pressure to equip graduates with the skills and competencies needed for successful employment. This study explores the relationship between internship experiences and the employment preparedness and skills development of Business Administration graduates in the Philippines. Grounded in Experiential Learning Theory, Human Capital Theory, and Social Cognitive Theory, the research aims to determine how internship quality, relevance, and perceived value impact graduates’ job readiness, professional awareness, and adaptability. The study involved graduates from various private and public higher education institutions in the Philippines. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational design, the study surveyed 120 BSBA graduates through researcher- made questionnaires. Findings revealed that internship experiences were perceived to be of very high quality and significantly influenced job readiness and professional awareness, but had no significant relationship with the application of theoretical knowledge, adaptability, or employability. While internships were effective in enhancing workplace readiness, they alone were insufficient for comprehensive skills development. The study recommends enhancing internship structures, integrating reflective learning, and supplementing practical experiences with targeted training to ensure graduates are better equipped for dynamic work environments. It is recommended that academic institutions strengthen partnership with industry stakeholders to co-design internship programs that are both skill-enriching and career-aligned.

Keywords : Business Administration, Competencies, Employability, Internship, Mentorship.

Never miss an update from Papermashup

Get notified about the latest tutorials and downloads.

Subscribe by Email

Get alerts directly into your inbox after each post and stay updated.
Subscribe
OR

Subscribe by RSS

Add our RSS to your feedreader to get regular updates from us.
Subscribe