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Infertility Among Commercial Shuttle Bus Drivers in Onitsha Urban Nigeria: The Role of Testosterone Dysregulation and Occupational Heat Stress in Onitsha Metropolis, Southeastern, Nigeria


Authors : Odo V. C.; Omeye Emmanuel; Iboyi Nathaniel Onuche; Anyaoike N. N.

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 10 - October


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/mrxsjb33

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26Oct1196

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Male infertility has emerged as a growing public health concern globally, particularly in occupational groups exposed to environmental and physiological stressors. This study investigated testosterone dysregulation and infertility risk among commercial shuttle bus drivers in Onitsha metropolis, Southeastern Nigeria. A cross-sectional analytical study involving 180 participants (120 commercial shuttle bus drivers and 60 age-matched controls) was conducted between January and October 2025. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), cortisol, and semen parameters were assessed using ELISA and WHO semen analysis protocols.

Keywords : Male Infertility, Testosterone Dysregulation, Occupational Exposure, Heat Stress, Shuttle Bus Drivers, Onitsha, Nigeria, Reproductive Health.

References :

  1. Abriba, S. P., & Osadolor, H. B. (2023). Correlation study of stress biomarkers, endocrinopathies, semen quality and quantity in infertile men in Abuja, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 11(4), 1251–1259.
  2. Abriba, S. P., & Osadolor, H. B. (2023). The effects of stress biomarkers on sex hormones, sperm quality and quantity in infertile men in Abuja, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 11(2), 887–895.
  3. Dowe, C. A., & Osadolor, H. B. (2022). Evaluation of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and gonadotropins among long distance drivers in Benin City, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical Science, 14(1), 1–11.
  4. Kumar, N., & Singh, A. K. (2022). Impact of environmental factors on human semen quality and male fertility: A narrative review. Environmental Sciences Europe, 34(6), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00585-w
  5. Popoola, A. G. N., Ibrahim, M., Mustapha, A. A., & Garuba, W. O. (2024). Reproductive hormone profiles and infertility risk in heat-exposed female kitchen workers in Ilorin, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 11(10), 151–162.
  6. Yeiya, E. A., & Emokpae, M. A. (2022). Awareness of reproductive health risks, sex hormone levels and sperm indices among farmers exposed to pesticides in Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Health Science, 48(4), 244–253.
  7. Ashonibare, V. J., Ashonibare, P. J., & Akhigbe, R. E. (2024). SARS-CoV-2 impairs male fertility by targeting semen quality and testosterone level: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 19(9), e0307396.
  8. Yilmaz, B., et al. (2025). Analyzing the impact of occupational exposures on male fertility indicators: A machine learning approach. Reproductive Toxicology, 121, 108959.
  9. Chen, X., et al. (2025). Effects of oxytocin on heat-perturbed testes of adult Wistar rats. International Journal of Scholarly Resources, 17(2), 44–58.
  10. World Health Organization. (2023). WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen (6th ed.). WHO Press.

Male infertility has emerged as a growing public health concern globally, particularly in occupational groups exposed to environmental and physiological stressors. This study investigated testosterone dysregulation and infertility risk among commercial shuttle bus drivers in Onitsha metropolis, Southeastern Nigeria. A cross-sectional analytical study involving 180 participants (120 commercial shuttle bus drivers and 60 age-matched controls) was conducted between January and October 2025. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), cortisol, and semen parameters were assessed using ELISA and WHO semen analysis protocols.

Keywords : Male Infertility, Testosterone Dysregulation, Occupational Exposure, Heat Stress, Shuttle Bus Drivers, Onitsha, Nigeria, Reproductive Health.

Paper Submission Last Date
30 - November - 2026

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