Authors :
Chuku, E. C., Chika, B; Nmom, F. W
Volume/Issue :
Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August
Google Scholar :
http://bitly.ws/9nMw
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/2EmwN0s
DOI :
10.38124/IJISRT20AUG287
Abstract :
Antifungal property of A. paniculata on
fungal isolates from Citrullus colocynthis was
investigated. Citrullus colocynthis were bought from
traders in a major market in Abia State, Nigeria. The
melon seeds were first cleaned and disinfested by
keeping them in a freezer at -50C for 7 days to kill all
hidden infestations. The disinfested seeds were dried in
a Gallenkamp oven at 40oC for 4 hours before they were
stored in plastic sterile containers with tight lids. Fresh
plant of A. paniculata was collected from botanical
garden of the Rivers State University and was identified
in the botany department. The leaves of the plant were
shade dried and blended into fine powder. Twenty
grams (20g) of the powdered leaves was extracted using
methanol and ethanol. The filtrate was evaporated and
the resulting crude extract was used for antifungal
sensitivity test. Fungi associated with rotted C.
colocynthis were identified using standard
microbiological methods. The antifungal activity of the
extracts was carried out using the well in agar diffusion
method. In this method, 48 hours old fungal isolate was
inoculated on dried Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates in
duplicates. five wells were bored using sterile 6mm cork
borer on the dried seeded plates before 0.2ml of the
different concentrations of 100, 50, 25, and 12.5mg/ml of
the methanol extracts were transferred into the wells
using sterile pipettes. Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus
arrhizus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp and Mucor sp
were identified from the melon seeds. The zone
diameters of methanolic extract of A. paniculata on
Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and
Mucor sp were 11.50±0.71, 19.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71,
15.00±0.00 and 17.00±0.00mm, respectively. The zone
diameters of ethanolic extract of A. paniculata on
Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and
Mucor sp were 0.00±0.00, 16.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71,
20.50±0.71 and 0.00±0.00mm, respectively. There were
significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the antifungal
activity of the extract across the fungal isolates. The
antifungal activity of the leave extracts showed that the
ethanolic extract and the methanolic extract were very
active on the fungal isolates and the antifungal activities
of the extract was greatly influenced by the
concentration of the extract, with higher concentrations
of extract having high zone diameter.
Keywords :
antifungal, Andrographis paniculata, fungi, local gin (“kai kai”)
Antifungal property of A. paniculata on
fungal isolates from Citrullus colocynthis was
investigated. Citrullus colocynthis were bought from
traders in a major market in Abia State, Nigeria. The
melon seeds were first cleaned and disinfested by
keeping them in a freezer at -50C for 7 days to kill all
hidden infestations. The disinfested seeds were dried in
a Gallenkamp oven at 40oC for 4 hours before they were
stored in plastic sterile containers with tight lids. Fresh
plant of A. paniculata was collected from botanical
garden of the Rivers State University and was identified
in the botany department. The leaves of the plant were
shade dried and blended into fine powder. Twenty
grams (20g) of the powdered leaves was extracted using
methanol and ethanol. The filtrate was evaporated and
the resulting crude extract was used for antifungal
sensitivity test. Fungi associated with rotted C.
colocynthis were identified using standard
microbiological methods. The antifungal activity of the
extracts was carried out using the well in agar diffusion
method. In this method, 48 hours old fungal isolate was
inoculated on dried Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates in
duplicates. five wells were bored using sterile 6mm cork
borer on the dried seeded plates before 0.2ml of the
different concentrations of 100, 50, 25, and 12.5mg/ml of
the methanol extracts were transferred into the wells
using sterile pipettes. Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus
arrhizus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp and Mucor sp
were identified from the melon seeds. The zone
diameters of methanolic extract of A. paniculata on
Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and
Mucor sp were 11.50±0.71, 19.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71,
15.00±0.00 and 17.00±0.00mm, respectively. The zone
diameters of ethanolic extract of A. paniculata on
Rhizopus arrhizus, A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp and
Mucor sp were 0.00±0.00, 16.50±0.71, 34.50±0.71,
20.50±0.71 and 0.00±0.00mm, respectively. There were
significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the antifungal
activity of the extract across the fungal isolates. The
antifungal activity of the leave extracts showed that the
ethanolic extract and the methanolic extract were very
active on the fungal isolates and the antifungal activities
of the extract was greatly influenced by the
concentration of the extract, with higher concentrations
of extract having high zone diameter.
Keywords :
antifungal, Andrographis paniculata, fungi, local gin (“kai kai”)
