Authors : Mohammed M. M.; Mancha D. G.; Musa M.; Ahmed T. H.; Sani A.; Umar Y. M.; Tijjani N. J.; Aliyu H. H.

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 7 - July

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/43e2vv9k

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/5n7s67kr

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jul1184

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) undergoing total hip replacement (THR) are at substantially increased risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and other surgical complications due to functional asplenia, chronic inflammation, and perioperative sickling crises. Evidence on the efficacy of extended antibiotic prophylaxis in this high-risk population is limited, particularly in resource-limited tropical settings. A total of 64 SCD patients (HbSS genotype) with end-stage avascular necrosis of the femoral head underwent primary cementless THR via a modified lateral approach. The first 32 patients (control group) received standard perioperative prophylaxis (intravenous vancomycin 1 g 30 min before incision plus three postoperative doses every 8 h). The subsequent 32 patients (extended-prophylaxis group) received the same perioperative regimen followed by a 5-day course of intravenous vancomycin 1g 12 hrs for 5 to 7 days. The primary outcome was the incidence of deep PJI within 90 days. Secondary outcomes included superficial surgical site infection (SSI), acute chest syndrome (ACS), vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), and 1-year functional Harris Hip Score (HHS). Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups.

Keywords : Sickle Cell Disease, Total Hip Replacement, Cementless, Extended Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Periprosthetic Joint Infection, Nigeria.

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