Authors :
James Sulonkwiley Dolo; Joseph Ndebeh
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 5 - May
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/3kss954s
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/ec7m54ys
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26May342
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Abstract :
The Study was conduced to evaluate exotic and improved local rice genotypes for adaptation and high yield (YLD)
for sustainable production and food security in Liberia. This study assessed the performance of various rice genotypes to
identify superior options for increasing food production in the country. The evaluation involved four mutant rice genotypes,
six salinity-tolerant rice genotypes, and five iron toxicity-tolerant rice genotypes. These genotypes were tested using a
randomized complete block design in the Suakoko District, situated in the upper highlands of Liberia. Data were collected
on days to booting, days to flowering, plant height, panicle length, number of tillers, number of grains per panicle, and 100-
grain weight. Spikelet fertility was determined by counting the filled grains and the total number of grains per panicle.
Organoleptic test was done to assess the food quality of the rice varieties. Each genotype was assessed for tolerance to iron
toxicity using a standard evaluation score (SES) on a scale from 0 to 9, where 0 indicates no symptoms and 9 indicates
complete leaf death. Sidenuk and Isora were identified as highly susceptible to iron toxicity, receiving scores of 5 and 7,
respectively. The other materials demonstrated varying levels of tolerance. When comparing the genotypes against standard
checks, G-2-early and Sidenuk had the highest 1000-grain weights, measuring 28 grams and 26 grams, respectively. Isora,
BRRI-67-Dahn, and BRRI-61 recorded the highest number of fertile spikelets, with BRRI-67-Dahn outperforming local
checks. Nine of the rice varieties assess for food quality were scored for strong to mild aroma. The rest of the six rice varieties
were had little of no aroma. However, Suakoko-8, G-2_early, V-4, and Sidenuk recorded the highest scores for aroma. BBRI61 was inadventedly excluded from the sensory test.
Keywords :
Genotypes, Iron-Toxicity, Salinity, SES, Phenotypic, Organoleptic, Sensory, Aroma, Texture, Appearance.
References :
- Fan P, Xu J, Wang Z, Liu G, Zhang Z, Tian J, Wei H, and Zhang H (2023) Phenotypic differences in the appearance of soft rice and its endosperm structural basis. Front. Plant Sci. 14:1074148. [DOI].
- Farah Shamim, Mohsin Ali Raza, Muhammad Shahid Munir, 2025. Sensory Evaluation of Rice Grain: Methods, Applications, and Significance in Experimental Research Plant Bulletin Vol 4, (2) PP:42-47.
- Ndour, D., Diouf, D., Bimpong, I. K., Sow, A., Kanfany, G., & Manneh, B. (2016). Agro-Morphological Evaluation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Seasonal Adaptation in the Sahelian Environment. Agronomy, 6(1), 8.
- Kakar, N., Bheemanahalli, R., Jumaa, S., Redoña, E. D., Warburton, M., & Reddy, K. R. (2021). Phenotypic diversity and additive response index of tropical rice genotypes for morpho-physiological and yield-related traits under Mississippi rice-growing conditions. PeerJ, 9, e8297474.
- Pawar S, Pandit E, Mohanty IC, Saha D, Pradhan SK (2021). Population genetic structure and association mapping for iron toxicity tolerance in rice. PLoS ONE 16(3): e0246232. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0246232.
- Wairich A, Aung MS, Ricachenevsky FK and Masuda H (2024) You can’t always get as much iron as you want: how rice plants deal with excess of an essential nutrient. Front. Plant Sci. 15:1381856. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1381856.
- Dorley, Ousman Sarlia, Javan Omondi Were, Julius Onyango Ochuodho, and Elmada Odeny Auma (2023), "Fungal Pathogens Affecting the Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seed in Selected Agro-ecological Zones of Liberia." World Journal of Agricultural Research 11, no. 1 : 8-15.
- Rout, G. R., and Sahoo S. "Role of Iron in Plant Growth and Metabolism (2015)." Reviews in Agricultural Science 3 : 1–24.
The Study was conduced to evaluate exotic and improved local rice genotypes for adaptation and high yield (YLD)
for sustainable production and food security in Liberia. This study assessed the performance of various rice genotypes to
identify superior options for increasing food production in the country. The evaluation involved four mutant rice genotypes,
six salinity-tolerant rice genotypes, and five iron toxicity-tolerant rice genotypes. These genotypes were tested using a
randomized complete block design in the Suakoko District, situated in the upper highlands of Liberia. Data were collected
on days to booting, days to flowering, plant height, panicle length, number of tillers, number of grains per panicle, and 100-
grain weight. Spikelet fertility was determined by counting the filled grains and the total number of grains per panicle.
Organoleptic test was done to assess the food quality of the rice varieties. Each genotype was assessed for tolerance to iron
toxicity using a standard evaluation score (SES) on a scale from 0 to 9, where 0 indicates no symptoms and 9 indicates
complete leaf death. Sidenuk and Isora were identified as highly susceptible to iron toxicity, receiving scores of 5 and 7,
respectively. The other materials demonstrated varying levels of tolerance. When comparing the genotypes against standard
checks, G-2-early and Sidenuk had the highest 1000-grain weights, measuring 28 grams and 26 grams, respectively. Isora,
BRRI-67-Dahn, and BRRI-61 recorded the highest number of fertile spikelets, with BRRI-67-Dahn outperforming local
checks. Nine of the rice varieties assess for food quality were scored for strong to mild aroma. The rest of the six rice varieties
were had little of no aroma. However, Suakoko-8, G-2_early, V-4, and Sidenuk recorded the highest scores for aroma. BBRI61 was inadventedly excluded from the sensory test.
Keywords :
Genotypes, Iron-Toxicity, Salinity, SES, Phenotypic, Organoleptic, Sensory, Aroma, Texture, Appearance.
