Authors :
Ikpeamarom Anurika Peace; Okoye Ebele Linda; Ikpeamarom Nnamdi Alex; Ogudu Emmanuel Ogbonnia; Uchenna Uzoamaka Ebenezer; Ibemere Chidinma; James-Onyekwere Joan Miracle Ifeoma
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/4cu3ank4
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26Oct339
Note : A published paper may take 4-5
working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and
ResearchGate.
Abstract :
Tuberculosis patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be particularly vulnerable to liver injury during treatment. Evidence on the burden and clinical implications of these infections in Ebonyi State remains limited. The aim of the study is to assess the epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Viruses Infection among tuberculosis patients in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to (i) determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Ebonyi State, (ii) to identify common risk factors among co-infected TB-patients with viral hepatitis B and C in Ebonyi State. (iii) to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of TB patients towards HBV and HCV infections. This study assessed HBV/HCV prevalence, risk factors, and patients’ knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP).
Keywords :
Tuberculosis; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C Virus; Coinfection; Ebonyi State.
References :
- Agabi, Y. A., Onyedikachukwu, A. J., Udeogu, K. E., Chukwu, C., Nkup, J. Y., Okojokwu, O.J., Kufre, J. O. and Simji, S. G. (2023). Coinfections with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among tuberculosis patients in Jos, Nigeria. Sri Ramachandra Journal of Health Science, 3:148.
- Joanne, M., Willey, L.M., Sherwood, C.J., and Woolverton. (2014). Prescott's Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Education, 9th edition. Pg 875-877
- Khan, A. F., Sajjad, A., Mian, D. A., Tariq, M. M., Jadoon, U. K. and Abbas, M. (2021). Co-infection with hepatitis B in tuberculosis patients on anti-tuberculosistreatment and the final outcome Cureus, 13:14433.
- Mohd Suan, M. A., Said, S. M., Lim, P. Y., Azman, A. Z. F. and Abu Hassan, M.R. (2019) Risk factors for hepatitis C infection among adult patients in Kedah state, Malaysia: A case–control study. PLoS ONE, 14(10):224459
- Musa, B. M., Bussell, S., Borodo, M. M., Samaila, A. A., and Femi, O. L. (2015). The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 10(8):140240.
- Nweke, I. C. (2025). Determination of seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated risk factors among adult patients at a tertiary hospital in Ebonyi State. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(26): 8684–8691.
- Ogudu, E. O, Udeani, T.K, Egwurochi, W. I, Ozochikelu, C.C, Egbule, C.U, (2024) Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among
- Tuberculosis Patients In Ebonyi State. ISRG Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies ISSN: 2584-0452
- Olakunde, B. O., Adeyinka, D. A., Olakunde, O. A., Eneh, S. C., and Ogundipe, T. (2025). Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: A narrative review of prevalence, transmission, genotypes, coinfections, and mortality. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2025, 4939367.
- World Health Organization. (2017). Global Hepatitis Report. World Health Organization 2017 [Last accessed on 2019 Jan 22]
- World Health Organization. (2020). Hepatitis C Fact Sheets, Available:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/hepatitis-c [Retrieved January, 2021]
- World Health Organization (WHO) issuing updated guidelines for treatment of hepatitis C infection. (2021). Available: https://www.who.int/hepatitis/news-events/hepatitis-c-guidelines-2016-story/en/ Retrieved on 06/05/21
- World Health Organization. (2021). WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: Module 3: Diagnosis—rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection. Geneva: World Health Organization.
- World Health Organization. (2022). Tuberculosis. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022 Available from: [Last accessed on 2023 Jun 06]
- World Health Organization. (2024). Global hepatitis report 2024: Action for access in low- and middle-income countries.
- World Health Organization. (2025). Global tuberculosis report 2025.
Tuberculosis patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be particularly vulnerable to liver injury during treatment. Evidence on the burden and clinical implications of these infections in Ebonyi State remains limited. The aim of the study is to assess the epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Viruses Infection among tuberculosis patients in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to (i) determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Ebonyi State, (ii) to identify common risk factors among co-infected TB-patients with viral hepatitis B and C in Ebonyi State. (iii) to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of TB patients towards HBV and HCV infections. This study assessed HBV/HCV prevalence, risk factors, and patients’ knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP).
Keywords :
Tuberculosis; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C Virus; Coinfection; Ebonyi State.