Leishmaniasis is a vector borne tropical and subtropical diseases caused by protozoa and transmitted by Phlebotomus Lutzomyia sandfly vectors-human. The severity of manifestation depends on the species involved and how an immune response to infection. Iraq is one of the most significant endemic regions, in which cutaneous leishmaniasis is seen in 2 forms: zoonotic and anthroponotic caused by leishmania major and leishmania tropica. Objectives: To assess the epidemiological features of this disease in Qaryat al Hamidat in Baghdad, 2020 Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted (included cases of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis) in Qaryat al Hamidat in Al-Mada'in District (located in Iraq north-east of Baghdad) in 2020; by using a surveillance database for the disease from the Iraqi Communicable Diseases and Control Center; Al Rusafa-Baghdad health directorate. Chi square test (fisher’s exact test) was done. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 16 patients were included in this study; 87.5% of them were children (<18 years) and 12.5% were adults (≥18 years). Out of the total, there were 9 males and 7 females; 2 of the total had a history of traveling, and 12 had another family member infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis. According to the lesion Site, 31.3% in the face, 18.8% in the scalp, and 50% in the limbs (upper &/or lower). 43.8% of lesions were nodules, and 56.3% were ulcer type. 62.5% of patients had one lesion while 37.5% had two lesions. Conclusions: In this study, we concluded that high prevalence of CL was among children (<18 years). In addition, 100% of cases were lived in a region without Mosquito nets/ insecticide

Keywords : Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Children, Rural Area, Lesions, Epidemiological Survey