Authors : Awua Justin; Agada Alexander; Archigbenda Victor

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 7 - July

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/2srxxefk

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/efpd63tr

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jul177

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : The increasing electricity demand in institutional buildings necessitates the adoption of sustainable energy management strategies to improve operational efficiency. This study presents a five-year assessment (2020–2024) of electrical energy consumption and power quality in the Administration Building of Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria, with the objective of identifying major energy-consuming appliances and evaluating the building's electrical performance. An energy audit was conducted using appliance inventory, operational records, electricity consumption data, and power quality measurements. Appliance-level energy consumption, load distribution, and electricity cost were analysed. The relationship between power factor and reactive power was evaluated to assess electrical system performance. The results showed that lighting systems, air-conditioning units, and fans accounted for the highest proportion of electricity consumption, indicating that these load categories offer the greatest potential for energy conservation. Load distribution analysis further revealed that electrical energy demand was concentrated within a limited number of appliance categories highlighting the importance of targeted energy-efficiency interventions. In addition, the power quality assessment demonstrated a strong positive relationship between power factor and reactive power. This suggests a progressive improvement in electrical system performance and more efficient utilization of supplied electrical energy over the study period. The findings showed that integrating appliance-level energy assessment with power quality analysis would provide valuable insights for sustainable energy management in institutional buildings.

Keywords : Energy Consumption; Power Quality; Energy Audit; Institutional Buildings; Sustainable Energy Management; Energy Efficiency; Power Factor; Reactive Power.

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