Despite the advantages associated with evolving communication technologies, there exist some disadvantages that have become life threatening as well. The consequences of deploying 5G spectrum of electromagnetic wave on vegetation in Africa are presented in this work. According to different frequencies and wavelength, the 5G electromagnetic spectrum is divided into eight spectral band, including audio wave, radio wave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma rays. This work, focused on the impact of 5G spectrum deployments in the mangrove rain forest, woodlands, semidesert and vegetation. In addition, the impact of this deployment on climate change and pollution in the environment was discussed in this work. Ultraviolet light from the deployment of 5G electromagnetic spectrumwas associated with the deterioration and alteration of canopy area, dry mass, some biochemical and morphological properties of leaves (chlorophyll, carotenoid and flavonoid concentrations) however, those of shrubland, woodland, thicket, savanna and dry forest were unaffected.

Keywords : Spectrum, Vegetation, Ecosystem, Africa, Radiation, Plant, Effect of 5G.