Authors : Rolito U. Orosco

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 8 - August

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/42exej27

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26aug1387

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Catastrophic flooding presents interconnected social, economic, infrastructural, environmental, and institutional challenges that cannot be addressed through isolated disaster preparedness measures. This study assessed disaster preparedness initiatives and adaptive capacity among local government units (LGUs) and households in municipalities along the Bicol River Basin and Mount Isarog National Park in Camarines Sur, Philippines, during calendar year 2023. A sequential mixed-methods design was employed, integrating a structured questionnaire, key informant interviews, and unstructured interviews. The quantitative component involved 15 LGU respondents and 100 household respondents. Weighted means and Pearson's product-moment correlation were used to examine preparedness and adaptive capacity across five domains: social, economic, infrastructure, environmental, and institutional. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically and triangulated with quantitative findings.

Keywords : Disaster Preparedness; Adaptive Capacity; Catastrophic Flooding; Local Government Units; Household Resilience; Bicol River Basin; Mount Isarog; Resilience Framework.

References :

1. Alcayna, T. (2020). Public perception of climate change and disaster preparedness: Evidence from the Philippines. Harvard University, M.P.H. Dissertation.
2. Asian Development Bank. (2022). Investing in climate-resilient infrastructure in Asia and the Pacific. Manila: ADB. https://www.adb.org
3. Asih, S. W., et al. (2023). Community education and disaster risk reduction: Integrating DRR into development planning. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 91, 103682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103682
4. Bakic, H., et al. (2022). Resilience after natural disasters: The process of harnessing resources in communities differentially exposed to a flood.
5. Bixler, P. R., et al. (2021). Unpacking adaptive capacity to flooding in urban environments. Journal of Environmental Management, 288, 112459.
6. Col, J. (2017). The four phases of emergency management are preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery. Journal of Emergency Management, 15(6), 389–395.
7. Coetzee, C., et al. (2016). Disaster resilience and complex adaptive systems theory: Finding common grounds for risk reduction. African Centre of Disaster Studies.
8. Cvetković, V. M., et al. (2018). The role of gender in preparedness and response behaviors towards flood risk in Serbia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2761. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122761
9. Domingo, S. N., et al. (2018). Disaster preparedness and local governance in the Philippines.
10. Espina, E. (2015). A Social Cognitive Approach to Disaster Preparedness. Unpublished master's thesis.
11. Executive Order No. 120. (2020, November 18). Strengthening Rehabilitation and Recovery Efforts in Typhoon-Hit Areas Through the Creation of the Built Back Better Task Force.
12. Executive Order No. 359. (2004, September 17). Creating the Bicol River Basin Project Management Office and Defining Its Scope of Authority.
13. Global Volcanism Program. (2022). Report on Mount Isarog (Philippines). Smithsonian Institution. https://volcano.si.edu
14. Imperiale, A. J., et al. (2021). Conceptualizing community resilience and the social dimensions of risk to overcome barriers to disaster risk reduction and sustainable development.
15. Koffa, M. T. (2018). Emergency management: A qualitative study of flood disaster vulnerability in Liberia. Doctoral dissertation, Walden University.
16. Lai, O. (2020). The world's worst floods. Earth.org. https://earth.org/the-worlds-worst-floods
17. Lee, J., & Van Zandt, S. (2018). Housing tenure and social vulnerability to disasters: A review of the evidence. Journal of Planning Literature, 34.
18. Maulana, R. Y., & Bafadhal, F. (2020). Provision of Access to Information Services Based on E-Government in the Village Government. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200515.037
19. Manejar, M. A., et al. (2018). Local government roles in disaster preparedness.
20. Manawis, R. (2024). Researcher for Safety Culture. Ongoing/Unpublished research.
21. Marcella, C. B. R., et al. (2020). Adequacy of Social Services for Persons with Disability of a Second-Class City in Negros Occidental. https://doi.org/10.52006/main.v3i2.231
22. Madaan, S. (2018). Causes and effects of floods. Earth Eclipse. https://www.eartheclipse.com/environment/causes-and-effects-of-floods.html
23. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. (2022). NDRRMC annual report 2022. Quezon City: NDRRMC.
24. Orcena, G. A. B. (2019). A ‘Paradox’ of Governance Performance: The Case of Barangay 872, Manila, Philippines. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.02.01.55
25. Paton, D. (2020). Social–Psychological Perspectives on Preparedness Theory and Practice: Facilitating Resilience.
26. Philippine Red Cross. (2020). Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) response operations update. Philippine Red Cross. https://reliefweb.int
27. Republic Act No. 10121. (2010). Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010. Manila: Congress of the Philippines.
28. Rogayan, D., Jr., et al. (2020). Disaster awareness and preparedness of Barrio Community in Zambales, Philippines.
29. Rosenberg, M. (2020). The 5 Sectors of the Economy. California State University–Northridge.
30. Serote, E. (2018). Rationalizing the Local Planning System.
31. Siringan, F. (2018). Hazard knowledge and land use planning in the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science, 147(4), 445–457.
32. Solis, A. L. S. (2020). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). www.pagasa-dost.gov.ph
33. Taghizadeh-Hesary, F., et al. (2021). Quality infrastructure and natural disaster resiliency: A panel analysis of Asia and the Pacific.
34. Tantri, F., et al. (2022). Optimizing response strategies of healthcare system in a large-scale disaster. Journal of Safety Science and Resilience, 3(4), 288–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlssr.2022.06.001
35. Tendero, E. J. (2023). Household flood risk resilience along urban riverbanks: A case study of Tumaga River, Zamboanga City, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 26(2), 56–70.
36. Tyubee, B. (2023). Disaster Preparedness: Approaches and Frameworks. Department of Geography, Benue State University, Makurdi.
37. UNISDR. (2016). Report of the open-ended intergovernmental expert working group on indicators and terminology relating to disaster risk reduction. Geneva: UNDRR.
38. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2023). Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction. Geneva: UNDRR. https://www.undrr.org
39. Wang, L., et al. (2022). A review of the flood management: From flood control to flood resilience.
40. Yutanto, H. (2019). Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Pada Local E-Governance Untuk Peningkatan Kinerja Pelayanan Warga. Diponegoro University, 9(2), 220–220. https://doi.org/10.21456/vol9iss2pp220-227