This study seeks to find and identify the factors that led to decentralization in autonomous regions characterized by islands that have not improved the welfare of their communities and developed an understanding of criteria that need to be considered in decentralization policies in the area. The research findings reveal that the policy approach factor in the delegation of authority has not specifically considered the uniqueness and plurality criteria of autonomous regions that are characterized by islands so that the main causes of the implementation of decentralization have not improved the welfare of their communities. Such behavior is also due to the lack of full support from aspects of Environmental Conditions, Government Organizations, Resources for program implementation and Characteristics of Implementing Institutions.

Keywords : Decentralization, Autonomic.