Authors :
Shayista Mohiuddin; Dr R.K Chahota; Aryan Bhatia; Heemu Mohiuddin; Iqra Mohiuddin; Shabir Ahmad Bhat; kangkana chintey; Aryan Bhatia
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 1 - January
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3IIfn9N
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3QYBPRL
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7563844
Abstract :
The structural characteristics of
chromosomes can be seen in chromosomal bands and
karyotypes, which is the definition of cytological
markers. The color, width, sequence, and placement of
the banding patterns show how euchromatin and
heterochromatin are distributed differently. For
instance, Giemsa stain produces G bands, Quinacrine
hydrochloride produces Q bands, and R bands
theopposite G bands. These chromosome landmarks are
frequently used in physical mapping and linkage group
identification in addition to being used to characterize
normal chromosomes and detect chromosome mutation.
The physical maps based on morphological and
cytological markers provide a solid platform for the
foundation of genetic linkage mapping.However, there
are many restrictions on how directly cytological
markers can be applied to genetic mapping and plant
breeding. A practical framework for studying a single
chromosome, a chromosomal area, or the genomes is
provided by the FISH and GISH techniques for
examining a single chromosome, a chromosomal region,
or the genomes of naturally occurring and artificially
created by hybrid plants
Keywords :
somoclonal variation, phylogenetic relationship, cytological markers, karyotyping, GISH, FISH, Insitu hybridization, chromosome banding, genome analysis, chromosome mapping, alien chromatin detection portryal in Plants.
The structural characteristics of
chromosomes can be seen in chromosomal bands and
karyotypes, which is the definition of cytological
markers. The color, width, sequence, and placement of
the banding patterns show how euchromatin and
heterochromatin are distributed differently. For
instance, Giemsa stain produces G bands, Quinacrine
hydrochloride produces Q bands, and R bands
theopposite G bands. These chromosome landmarks are
frequently used in physical mapping and linkage group
identification in addition to being used to characterize
normal chromosomes and detect chromosome mutation.
The physical maps based on morphological and
cytological markers provide a solid platform for the
foundation of genetic linkage mapping.However, there
are many restrictions on how directly cytological
markers can be applied to genetic mapping and plant
breeding. A practical framework for studying a single
chromosome, a chromosomal area, or the genomes is
provided by the FISH and GISH techniques for
examining a single chromosome, a chromosomal region,
or the genomes of naturally occurring and artificially
created by hybrid plants
Keywords :
somoclonal variation, phylogenetic relationship, cytological markers, karyotyping, GISH, FISH, Insitu hybridization, chromosome banding, genome analysis, chromosome mapping, alien chromatin detection portryal in Plants.