Different surgical procedures apply varying principles and are conducted under certain circumstances. This research focused on the difference between two surgical procedures, that is, Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) and Conventional Surgery (CVS) on the treatment of degenerative mitral valve diseases. The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, is located between the left atrium and ventricle of the heart. When the functions of this valve are impaired, it results in mitral regurgitation and mitral valve stenosis. Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) refers to any surgical procedure that involves very small incisions rather than large openings. On the other hand, Conventional Surgery (CVS) refers to a surgical procedure that is specialized and involves large openings with the use of a scalpel. These two procedures are used to treat degenerative mitral valve diseases, and their outcomes are not the same in terms of effectiveness thus the main objective of this research. The research process took off by seeking relevant data and academic literature on the same. Since the research involved a real client, who is currently working as a cardiothoracic surgeon in Victoria Blackpool Hospital and as a professor from the University of Salford, he was briefed on the research and all our intentions. Each member of the group also came up with a write-up on the literature review on cardiac function. Having all the background information about the two surgical procedures after an intense research for almost 3 months, we managed to convince our client to send us the medical data collected from his patients over a span of almost three decades – from 1990s to 2020. The data was shared among all members and then analysed using Microsoft Excel. The propensity matching score is more accurate in the analysis, nonetheless, it is much more complicated compared to Microsoft Excel and the time limit could not allow us to perform it. Suffice to say, we hope to perform the propensity matching score on the patient data, under the supervision of a biostatistician, and obtain a much better and accurate result in the future. From the analysis of data, it was concluded that minimally invasive operations are more ideal as compared to conventional surgeries in various circumstances. On the parameters we identified, that is, blood loss that leads to the need for transfusion, cardiogenic shock, multiorgan system failure, and the risk for death, the MIS proved to have more merits compared to CVS.

Keywords : Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), Conventional Surgery (CVS), mitral valve, medical data, disease, degenerative, surgical procedures, medical data.