Authors : Ngari P. Muriuki; Ithinji G. D; Leonard O. Ateya; Yatinder S. Binepal; Caroline Wasonga; Muthamia M. Kiraithe; A. K Nyamache

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 6 - June

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4fcurztt

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/4h52pmu5

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24JUN1786

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Nairobi sheep disease virus is a hemorrhagic virus that cause severe gastroenteritis in shoats resulting to significant morbidity and mortality in naïve small ruminants’ populations. Vaccine platform to develop efficacious vaccine against the Nairobi sheep disease virus have been unsuccessful. This research detail the comparative infection, immunogenicity, and protection of three Nairobi sheep strains; I34, 1473 and Ansell. The three strains are marked with differences in their ability to cause disease in suckling mice model. Fatality rates range from 0-50% from the virulent pathogenic 1473 strain, I34 and the seemingly less virulent Ansell strain also shown by their relative time to death. Findings of this research demonstrate that protective efficacy mediated by inactivated Nairobi sheep disease virus strain I34 conferred a stronger cross protection against homologous and heterologous strains compared to 1473 and Ansell strains. Strain I34 sera neutralization against homologous I34 strain was similar to that against Entebe strain providing evidence of possible antigenic homology. Vaccine developed from I34 strain will protect against multiple strains of Nairobi sheep disease virus; 1473, Ansell and Entebe strain. Understanding immune response in mice elicited by different Nairobi sheep disease virus strains will facilitate development of a more efficacious vaccine. Using formalin inactivated NSDV vaccine, I34 strain showed complete protection from homologous and a partial protection heterologous strains in in vitro assay. Protection was associated by higher neutralizing antibodies against homologous and heterologous strains compared to that of 1473 and Ansell. Thus, this study deduce serum neutralizing antibody titers are associated with protection against homologous and heterologous challenge

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