Authors :
Gambo I, Rabi R. A, Abdulmumin Y, Abdulmumin T. M, Dalhatu M
Volume/Issue :
Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 3 - March
Google Scholar :
https://goo.gl/DF9R4u
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3adHEoa
Abstract :
The utilization of wheat based foods are now
considered as an alternative to reduce the effect of
hunger and malnutrition worldwide, this is due to
increase in human population. This paper aimed to
evaluate the phytochemical, mineral element and
proximate composition of three varieties of wheat grain
cultivated in Kazaure Local Government, Jigawa state,
Nigeria. The qualitative phytochemicals were analysed
according to Brain and tuner [3] methods, proximate
composition by method described by A.O.A.C[7] while
the mineral element were evaluated using AAS. The
phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoid, terpenoids,
tannins, saponins, phenols and steroids were found in
all the three wheat varieties. The proximate of the three
varieties showed that the ash, carbohydrate, moisture,
proteins, fats and fibre content were in range of 1.58±
0.15 to2.67±0.07, 73.30±0.22 to 74.38±0.04, 5.21±0.060 to
6.18±0.12, 11.48±0.21 to 13.49±0.010, 3.65±0.030 to
4.84±0.020 and 1.58±0.01 to 2.73±0.03 respectively. The
mineral composition of the three wheat varieties
indicated the sodium(Na), potassium(K), calcium(Ca),
magnesium(Mg), iron(Fe) and zinc(Zn) for T. Aestivum
were found to be 273.34±0.001, 318.67±0.001,
50.02±0.0017, 130.63±0.0042,56.12±0.0012, 12.43±0.0011
mg/100g and that of T. Durum were 250.20±0.001,
310.00±0.001, 20.92±0.0014, 88.65±0.0033, 38.83±0.0008
and 11.04±0.0016 mg/100g respectively while T. spelta
revealed that the mineral elements were found to be
245.00±0.001,290.92±0.0012,15.65±0.0033, 68.83±0.0006,
30.04±0.0012 and 9.20±0.002 for sodium(Na),
potassium(K), calcium(Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron(Fe)
and zinc (Zn) respectively. In conclusion, presence of
secondary metabolites in all the three varieties indicated
the therapeutic properties of the wheat, the levels of
mineral element were found to be within the
recommended value by FAO/WHO for grains. While
the proximate analysis revealed by the three varieties of
wheat proved it as good source of nutrients.
Keywords :
Phytochemicals, Proximate, Mineral Element, Wheat.
The utilization of wheat based foods are now
considered as an alternative to reduce the effect of
hunger and malnutrition worldwide, this is due to
increase in human population. This paper aimed to
evaluate the phytochemical, mineral element and
proximate composition of three varieties of wheat grain
cultivated in Kazaure Local Government, Jigawa state,
Nigeria. The qualitative phytochemicals were analysed
according to Brain and tuner [3] methods, proximate
composition by method described by A.O.A.C[7] while
the mineral element were evaluated using AAS. The
phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoid, terpenoids,
tannins, saponins, phenols and steroids were found in
all the three wheat varieties. The proximate of the three
varieties showed that the ash, carbohydrate, moisture,
proteins, fats and fibre content were in range of 1.58±
0.15 to2.67±0.07, 73.30±0.22 to 74.38±0.04, 5.21±0.060 to
6.18±0.12, 11.48±0.21 to 13.49±0.010, 3.65±0.030 to
4.84±0.020 and 1.58±0.01 to 2.73±0.03 respectively. The
mineral composition of the three wheat varieties
indicated the sodium(Na), potassium(K), calcium(Ca),
magnesium(Mg), iron(Fe) and zinc(Zn) for T. Aestivum
were found to be 273.34±0.001, 318.67±0.001,
50.02±0.0017, 130.63±0.0042,56.12±0.0012, 12.43±0.0011
mg/100g and that of T. Durum were 250.20±0.001,
310.00±0.001, 20.92±0.0014, 88.65±0.0033, 38.83±0.0008
and 11.04±0.0016 mg/100g respectively while T. spelta
revealed that the mineral elements were found to be
245.00±0.001,290.92±0.0012,15.65±0.0033, 68.83±0.0006,
30.04±0.0012 and 9.20±0.002 for sodium(Na),
potassium(K), calcium(Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron(Fe)
and zinc (Zn) respectively. In conclusion, presence of
secondary metabolites in all the three varieties indicated
the therapeutic properties of the wheat, the levels of
mineral element were found to be within the
recommended value by FAO/WHO for grains. While
the proximate analysis revealed by the three varieties of
wheat proved it as good source of nutrients.
Keywords :
Phytochemicals, Proximate, Mineral Element, Wheat.
