Authors :
Sunday E. Iwasokun; Olusegun M. Afolabi; A. C. Tomiwa
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/y6dyvknp
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/3rcpywkw
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10057736
Abstract :
Power flux density is the measure of the
strength of the high-frequency radiation in the far field,
which characterizes the energy flowing through an area
vertical to the distribution direction of the radiation. High-
frequency radiations are distributed Base Transceiver
Station (BTS) and antennae which can be absorbed by
biological systems. This paper presents the Comparative
Analysis of Power flux density of three major GSM
carriers in Nigeria along 91km route of various
attenuation rates. Given that the high frequency radiations
emitted by BTS and antennae are distributed energy and
information over a great distance which can be absorbed
by biological systems, it is essential to monitor power
radiation levels from time to time ensuring that they are
within safety threshold. This measurement was achieved
using the developed digital field meter to calculate values
of some electromagnetic parameters such as power flux
density, electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity.
To understand the behavioral pattern of non-ionizing
radiation associated with the power flux density due to
electric and magnetic field intensity of GSM signal, the
developed field instrument (i.e., GSM field meter) was
used to calculate power flux density of three GSM carriers
along 91km road network. The study provided a standard
to monitoring the GSM carriers radiated signals in terms
of safety to human being. The study confirmed that the
signal strength of MTN mobile network is stronger than
the Airtel and Glo mobile networks along the route
covered during measurement. The maximum values, even
at resonant frequency, are still far less than the
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation
Protection (ICNIRP) values of 4.5 W/m2
and 9.0 W/m2
for
GSM 900 and GSM 1800, respectively.
Keywords :
Power Flux Density, Electric Field, Magnetic Field, Base Transceiver Station, Field Instrument.
Power flux density is the measure of the
strength of the high-frequency radiation in the far field,
which characterizes the energy flowing through an area
vertical to the distribution direction of the radiation. High-
frequency radiations are distributed Base Transceiver
Station (BTS) and antennae which can be absorbed by
biological systems. This paper presents the Comparative
Analysis of Power flux density of three major GSM
carriers in Nigeria along 91km route of various
attenuation rates. Given that the high frequency radiations
emitted by BTS and antennae are distributed energy and
information over a great distance which can be absorbed
by biological systems, it is essential to monitor power
radiation levels from time to time ensuring that they are
within safety threshold. This measurement was achieved
using the developed digital field meter to calculate values
of some electromagnetic parameters such as power flux
density, electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity.
To understand the behavioral pattern of non-ionizing
radiation associated with the power flux density due to
electric and magnetic field intensity of GSM signal, the
developed field instrument (i.e., GSM field meter) was
used to calculate power flux density of three GSM carriers
along 91km road network. The study provided a standard
to monitoring the GSM carriers radiated signals in terms
of safety to human being. The study confirmed that the
signal strength of MTN mobile network is stronger than
the Airtel and Glo mobile networks along the route
covered during measurement. The maximum values, even
at resonant frequency, are still far less than the
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation
Protection (ICNIRP) values of 4.5 W/m2
and 9.0 W/m2
for
GSM 900 and GSM 1800, respectively.
Keywords :
Power Flux Density, Electric Field, Magnetic Field, Base Transceiver Station, Field Instrument.
