Authors :
Adeyemo Emmanuel Ayobami; Yusuf Robiah Arafah
Volume/Issue :
Volume 7 - 2022, Issue 9 - September
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3IIfn9N
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3VvGFrF
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7185758
Abstract :
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive
condition that is the second most common
neurodegenerative disease worldwide that is
characterized by gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons
of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPc) thereby
leading to bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural
instability. Approximately 5.25 million Nigerians are
above 65 years and are therefore at risk for developing
PD with approximately 10-249 cases per 100,000 people
per year, with the mean age of onset close to 60 years.
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the
pathogenesis and progression of PD Diagnosis of this
condition is usually late because, before the
manifestation of the movement disorders, about 75% of
these neurons are already lost, in fact, one of the
differential diagnoses of PD is its response to levodopa
treatment which does not seem to positively affect the
progression of the condition. This explains why there is a
need for a neuroprotective therapy that will prevent the
death of these neurons and/ or halt the progression of
this condition. Honey has been observed by various
studies to be a radical scavenging gel as well as an
enhancer of the antioxidant defense system. In this study,
there was a combination of Honey with L-Dopa to
ascertain if the combination will cause neuroprotection
to the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in
adult male Swiss mice via the mediation of the
antioxidant system. 40 animals used for this study were
divided into the control and parkinsonism groups of 20
animals each. 10 of the control animals received PBS
while the others received 1.5ml/kg body weight of honey
(HON) and 80mg/ kg body weight of L-Dopa (L-Dopa)
for 21days. However, 10 of the parkinsonism group were
pretreated with HON and L-Dopa before parkinsonism
induction. Behavioral studies were conducted 2 days
after the induction while the animals were sacrificed 7
days after the induction. after which some brain samples
were prepared for biochemical analysis and the others
were used for histological and immune histo chemical
staining. The footprint behavioral test showed that the
Honey + L-Dopa group had less abnormalities in gait
when compared to the MPTP group. Immuno
histochemical analysis showed significantly reduced
number of Nissl substance, pyktotic and pale stained
cells in the MPTP group, while the Honey + Ldopa
before MPTP group had relatively increased number of
Nissl substance and deeply stained cells when stained
with Cresyl fast Violet (CFV) stain. Combination of LDOPA and Honey helped in the reduction of MPTPinduced dopaminergic neuron loss as well as
improvement of motor-related symptoms of MPTP
induced Parkinsonism in adult male albino Swiss mice.
Keywords :
Parkinson’s disease; Dopaminergic neurons; MPTP; L-DOPA; Honey
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive
condition that is the second most common
neurodegenerative disease worldwide that is
characterized by gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons
of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPc) thereby
leading to bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural
instability. Approximately 5.25 million Nigerians are
above 65 years and are therefore at risk for developing
PD with approximately 10-249 cases per 100,000 people
per year, with the mean age of onset close to 60 years.
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the
pathogenesis and progression of PD Diagnosis of this
condition is usually late because, before the
manifestation of the movement disorders, about 75% of
these neurons are already lost, in fact, one of the
differential diagnoses of PD is its response to levodopa
treatment which does not seem to positively affect the
progression of the condition. This explains why there is a
need for a neuroprotective therapy that will prevent the
death of these neurons and/ or halt the progression of
this condition. Honey has been observed by various
studies to be a radical scavenging gel as well as an
enhancer of the antioxidant defense system. In this study,
there was a combination of Honey with L-Dopa to
ascertain if the combination will cause neuroprotection
to the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in
adult male Swiss mice via the mediation of the
antioxidant system. 40 animals used for this study were
divided into the control and parkinsonism groups of 20
animals each. 10 of the control animals received PBS
while the others received 1.5ml/kg body weight of honey
(HON) and 80mg/ kg body weight of L-Dopa (L-Dopa)
for 21days. However, 10 of the parkinsonism group were
pretreated with HON and L-Dopa before parkinsonism
induction. Behavioral studies were conducted 2 days
after the induction while the animals were sacrificed 7
days after the induction. after which some brain samples
were prepared for biochemical analysis and the others
were used for histological and immune histo chemical
staining. The footprint behavioral test showed that the
Honey + L-Dopa group had less abnormalities in gait
when compared to the MPTP group. Immuno
histochemical analysis showed significantly reduced
number of Nissl substance, pyktotic and pale stained
cells in the MPTP group, while the Honey + Ldopa
before MPTP group had relatively increased number of
Nissl substance and deeply stained cells when stained
with Cresyl fast Violet (CFV) stain. Combination of LDOPA and Honey helped in the reduction of MPTPinduced dopaminergic neuron loss as well as
improvement of motor-related symptoms of MPTP
induced Parkinsonism in adult male albino Swiss mice.
Keywords :
Parkinson’s disease; Dopaminergic neurons; MPTP; L-DOPA; Honey
