Authors :
Tiyasa Khanra
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 5 - May
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/bdr8srdw
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/mr3f3ssd
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26May1180
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Abstract :
The rapid increase in digital device usage among students has raised growing concerns regarding its effects on
visual comfort and sleep health. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among students with refractive errors,
including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, to evaluate the association between screen time and sleep quality.
Information related to daily screen exposure, digital eye strain symptoms, and sleep quality was obtained using a structured
questionnaire along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study demonstrated that prolonged digital device
usage was associated with poorer sleep quality and a higher prevalence of symptoms such as eye fatigue, headache, dryness,
and blurred vision. These findings emphasize the potential impact of excessive digital screen use on both ocular health and
sleep patterns among students with refractive errors.
Keywords :
Screen Time; Sleep Quality; Refractive Errors; Digital Eye Strain; Myopia; PSQI.
References :
- Y. Hu, Q. Xu, J. Shi, et al., “Poor Uncorrected Visual Acuity and Association With Sleep Duration and Screen Time: A Dose–Response Relationship Study,” Dose-Response, vol. 19, no. 4, 2021, doi: 10.1177/15593258211042161.
- Z. Zong, Y. Zhang, J. Qiao, et al., “The association between screen time exposure and myopia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis,” BMC Public Health, vol. 24, p. 1625, 2024, doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19113-5.
- Y. Mineshita, H. K. Kim, H. Chijiki, et al., “Screen time duration and timing: effects on obesity, physical activity, dry eyes, and learning ability in elementary school children,” BMC Public Health, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 422, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10484-7.
- M. Ayaki, H. Torii, K. Tsubota, et al., “Decreased sleep quality in high myopia children,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, p. 33902, 2016, doi: 10.1038/srep33902.
- B. A. Holden, T. R. Fricke, D. A. Wilson, et al., “Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050,” Ophthalmology, vol. 123, no. 5, pp. 1036–1042, 2016.
- J. Foreman, A. T. Salim, A. Praveen, et al., “Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 8, no. 2, p. e2455842, 2025.
- C. W. Wong, A. Tsai, J. B. Jonas, et al., “Digital screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic: risk for a further myopia boom?” American Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 223, pp. 333–337, 2021.
- K. Kaur, B. Gurnani, S. Nayak, et al., “Digital eye strain—A comprehensive review,” Ophthalmology and Therapy, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 1655–1669, 2022.
- H. M. Huang, D. S. Chang, and P. C. Wu, “The association between near work activities and myopia in children—A systematic review and meta-analysis,” PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 10, p. e0140419, 2015.
- A. L. Sheppard and J. S. Wolffsohn, “Digital eye strain: prevalence, measurement and amelioration,” BMJ Open Ophthalmology, vol. 3, no. 1, p. e000146, 2018.
- M. Rosenfield, “Computer vision syndrome: A review of ocular causes and potential treatments,” Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 502–515, 2011.
- A. M. Chang, D. Aeschbach, J. F. Duffy, and C. A. Czeisler, “Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness,” Chronobiology International, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 665–676, 2015.
The rapid increase in digital device usage among students has raised growing concerns regarding its effects on
visual comfort and sleep health. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among students with refractive errors,
including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, to evaluate the association between screen time and sleep quality.
Information related to daily screen exposure, digital eye strain symptoms, and sleep quality was obtained using a structured
questionnaire along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study demonstrated that prolonged digital device
usage was associated with poorer sleep quality and a higher prevalence of symptoms such as eye fatigue, headache, dryness,
and blurred vision. These findings emphasize the potential impact of excessive digital screen use on both ocular health and
sleep patterns among students with refractive errors.
Keywords :
Screen Time; Sleep Quality; Refractive Errors; Digital Eye Strain; Myopia; PSQI.