Assessment of Quantity of Salt Consumption among Hypertensive Patients in a Rural Set up of Thiruvallur District


Authors : V. S. SRINIDHIY, Dr. TIMSI JAIN

Volume/Issue : Volume 4 - 2019, Issue 7 - July

Google Scholar : https://goo.gl/DF9R4u

Scribd : https://bit.ly/2LbsVyy

 Introduction In India around 29.6% of the people are hypertensive. Hypertension is the direct cause for 57% of deaths due to stroke and 24% of deaths due to coronary artery disease in India .The association of salt intake and blood pressure is direct and continuous. A small reduction of 6 g in salt intake for 4 or more weeks decreases blood pressure by 7.11/3.88 mm Hg in hypertensive individuals.  Aim & Objective  To determine the quantity of dietary salt consumption among hypertensive patients.  To assess the knowledge practice attitude towards salt consumption among hypertensive patients.  Method & Material A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among patients who were diagnosed hypertensives according to the latest WHO guidelines. The sample size was 110. Patients with known electrolyte imbalance or kidney disorders will be excluded. Interview based questionnaire and spot urinalysis was done after getting informed consent. Study duration was from January to March 2019.  Result In the study 110 participants were included.The average amount of salt consumed by the people was 9.6g per day. Among the 110 participants 70 participants gave the urine sample and 40 denied. The results showed that average amount of sodium excreted is 168.83meq/l and potassium excreted is 68meq/l. 70 participants, 42 of them had urine sodium value more than 220 meq/l and 28 had the urine sodium value in the range of 40 meq/l - 220 meq/l. The urinary sodium excretion was directly related to the amount of salt consumed. Potassium value was less than in 90 meq/l in 37 people and in 33 people it was in the more than 90 meq/l. 84.5% of the people knew that increased salt consumption causes hypertension. 78.1% people knew that reducing salt will help them reduce hypertension but only 19% people thought it is very important for them to reduce salt. Only 13.6% of the people thought they consumed too much salt. About 75.4% of people consumed food preserved with salt like pickles and among them 55.5% of people consumed pickles once or twice in a week .  Conclusion The daily salt consumption is about 9.6g per day and it is more than the recommended value by the world health organisation.It is seen that the knowledge of the people is good but their attitude and practice towards salt consumption is below the average line. It is evident that advice on reducing the salt consumption plays an important role in reducing blood pressure.

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