Authors : Habiba Othman Juma; Dr. Nariman S. Jiddawi

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 5 - May

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4txfnp2m

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/bdas9uen

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26may2203

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Climate change threatens marine ecosystems and coastal livelihoods in Zanzibar’s Menai Bay Conservation Area (MBCA). Awareness programs exist, but evidence on their effectiveness in changing behaviour is limited. This research focuses on assess climate change awareness programs in managing marine resources among MBCA communities. Cross-sectional mixed-methods research design with 199 household surveys, 16 key informant interviews, and 52 FGD participants. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Tests, and thematic analysis. The results: 79.9% attended awareness programs (mainly NGO-led). Significant positive behavioural changes were observed (p < 0.001; r = 0.88) for sustainable fishing gear, avoiding destructive fishing, mangrove conservation, waste disposal, compliance, and reducing overfishing. Perceptions were moderate (56.3%) to high (43.2%). Qualitative findings confirmed increased conservation action and stewardship. Key challenges: poverty, marine dependence, lack of alternative income, weak enforcement, inadequate support, environmental pressures, and limited cooperation. The study conclusion: Awareness programs significantly improved knowledge, perceptions, and behaviours, but socioeconomic and institutional barriers persist. Recommendations: Strengthen practical, continuous programs; improve enforcement; promote alternative livelihoods; enhance institutional collaboration; empower communities for sustainable marine management and climate adaptation in Zanzibar.

Keywords : : Climate Change, Climate Change Awareness Program, Marine Resources Management, Menai Bay Conservation Area (MBCA).

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