Authors : Tejesvi Mishra

Volume/Issue : Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 6 - June

Google Scholar : https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/sshcxxrb

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8126028

Abstract : The numbers of probable neurotoxins are rising day by day and pose a perilous neuro- inflammation to the body. Currently, the evaluation of neurotoxicity is the most accomplished assessment in non-clinical as well as clinical studies. Mislaying memory, frailty in body, clouded vision, headache, and psychological un-certainty subsequently developing cognitive puzzlement are some of the major signs of progressive inflammation in brain. Asserted evidence in research states that the activated microglia, a major part of brain causes damage to the neurons present in central nervous system. The pattern of over-activated microglial cells followed by oxidative stress found to be the main pathway involved in neurotoxicity. Many studies support the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in hippocampus leading to toxic mediator’s release and suggest excitotoxicity involving overload of Calcium ions in frontal cortex as a secondary damage. With the evolution of animal model, there has been research-based analysis which affirms that a developmental inflammatory symptom in brain can be induced by several drugs, chemicals, pesticides and can lead to neurodegenerative disorders. This study indulges with a descriptive remark on various rodent models related to neuronal inflammation.

Keywords : Heavy metals; Pesticides; ROS; Hippocampus; Neurotoxicity; Neurodegenerative diseases.