The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the change in the structure of trade between China and Russia, in particular, to study the influence of technological innovation factors on the structure of trade. Using the method of empirical regression analysis, this article attempts to study the factors affecting the commodity structure of trade between Russia and China, mainly from direct investment, capital labor ratio, Gross Domestic Product and technical innovation indicators. R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP, the equivalent of full time R&D personnel, and patent authorization selected as technical Innovation Indicators. The results show that the main factors affecting Russian export trade structure to China are the accumulated amount of direct investment by China in Russia, the ratio of capital to labor, the proportion of R&D expenditure, and the main factors affecting Russian import trade structure to China are Russia's GDP, capital labor ratio, R&D expenditure and patent authorization. From the export model, the symbols of explanatory variable coefficients in the model are all positive. Therefore, the growth of these influencing factors can promote the optimization of the structure of trade in goods between Russia and China. Based on the import model, the main factors that affect the import of Russian machinery goods from China are Russia's GDP, capital labor ratio, R&D expenditure and the number of patent authorizations. Russia's GDP and capital labor ratio make a positive contribution to Russian import of Chinese machinery goods. The R&D expenditure and the number of patent authorizations are negatively related to the proportion of machinery imports. It can be seen that the factors affecting the import and export structure are not the same.

Keywords : China-Russian Trade; Trade Structure; Affecting Factors.