The urban dynamics driven by markets is a powerful factor influencing the development of Africa. However, the literature shows that urban markets very often experience dysfunctionning linked to several factors that hinder the development of African urban markets. This article, which is a theoretical study, aims to better understand the roles of the main actors, the activities, the functioning and the usefulness of markets in African cities. The study shows that several direct and indirect actors operate in the markets of African cities. The main direct players are made up of the administration, producers, transporters, traders and consumers, while non-governmental organizations and banks are also indirect players in these markets. The activities and operation of each market depends on the type of market and whatever the type of operation, these markets are essential for the supply of the city.

Keywords : Market, actor, functioning, Africa.