In order to improve road safety, appropriate decisions need to be taken for the transfer of messages from source node to destination node in Vanet. From the early days most of the inventions are made by man is only because of the inspiration of animal’s behavior which surrounds him. From early age to modern age this problem solving technique always finds an optimal solution for any complex problems. Nature inspired algorithms are higher-level procedure that imitate the nature for solving optimization problems and produces an excellent result. Till now many routing protocols for Vanet have been proposed, but these protocols suffer from several limitations including Packet Delivery Ratio, Robustness, Routing Overhead etc. To overcome these limitations, various bio-inspired approaches have been proposed to transfer messages among vehicular nodes in an optimized manner. Still being a blooming area in research and the results produced are amazing, which broadens the usage of bio-inspired algorithms by surveying into new areas of application. This paper gives about a survey of the proposed basic bio-inspired routing algorithms for the Vanet environment. In specific, their strengths and weakness of these algorithms are specified in a detail manner.

Keywords : Vehicular Adhoc Networks, Intelligent Transportation System, Bio-inspired Algorithms, Routing, Optimization.