A Reproducible Workflow for Multi-Directional Oblique Weighted Hillshade in QGIS Using the Graphical Modeler


Authors : Moses Tangwam

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/ymwvy49w

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/4pvj4rdc

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec1035

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Hillshade remains one of the most popular cartographic techniques for visualizing terrain. However, using a single light direction often exaggerates slopes facing away from the light source while reducing detail on illuminated slopes. Multi- Directional Oblique Weighted (MDOW) hillshading minimizes these artifacts by combining multiple hillshades from different illumination azimuths into a single composite image. This methods paper explains a reproducible workflow for generating MDOW hillshade using the QGIS Graphical Modeler. The approach integrates all parameters, the input DEM, hillshade directions, and the raster calculator expression into a single reusable model. The model can be run on any DEM without manual reconfiguration, supports batch processing of tiled datasets, and can be extended or modified by other QGIS users. The paper targets GIS practitioners who regularly work with elevation data and seek to standardize their terrain- visualization workflows.

Keywords : QGIS, Graphical Modeler, MDOW Hillshade, DEM, Cartographic Visualisation.

References :

  1. ESRI, 2015. Take Your Terrain Mapping to New Heights. ArcNews Special Supplement – Terrain Tools, ESRI, Redlands, CA.
  2. Horn, B.K.P., 1981. Hill shading and the reflectance map. Proceedings of the IEEE 69(1), 14–47.
  3. Jenness, J., 2015. DEM Surface Tools for ArcGIS (including Multi-Directional Oblique-Weighted Hillshade). Jenness Enterprises, Flagstaff, AZ. Available at: https://www.jennessent.com (accessed 15/11/2025).
  4. QGIS Development Team, 2024. QGIS User Guide: Raster terrain analysis – Hillshade and Relief tools. QGIS Association. Available at: https://docs.qgis.org (accessed 15/11/2025).
  5. QGIS Tutorials and Tips, 2023. Working with terrain data (QGIS 3): Hillshade and contours. Available at: https://www.qgistutorials.com (accessed 15/11/2025).
  6. Šolín, M., et al., 2023. Not another hillshade: alternatives which improve visualizations of bathymetric data. Frontiers in Marine Science 10, 1266364.
  7. Yoeli, P., 1965. Analytische Schattierung. Kartographische Nachrichten 15, 142–148.
  8. Zevenbergen, L.W., Thorne, C.R., 1987. Quantitative analysis of land surface topography. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 12(1), 47–56.

Hillshade remains one of the most popular cartographic techniques for visualizing terrain. However, using a single light direction often exaggerates slopes facing away from the light source while reducing detail on illuminated slopes. Multi- Directional Oblique Weighted (MDOW) hillshading minimizes these artifacts by combining multiple hillshades from different illumination azimuths into a single composite image. This methods paper explains a reproducible workflow for generating MDOW hillshade using the QGIS Graphical Modeler. The approach integrates all parameters, the input DEM, hillshade directions, and the raster calculator expression into a single reusable model. The model can be run on any DEM without manual reconfiguration, supports batch processing of tiled datasets, and can be extended or modified by other QGIS users. The paper targets GIS practitioners who regularly work with elevation data and seek to standardize their terrain- visualization workflows.

Keywords : QGIS, Graphical Modeler, MDOW Hillshade, DEM, Cartographic Visualisation.

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Paper Submission Last Date
31 - January - 2026

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