Authors : Hemlata Lalia; Dr. Reddeppa Sreeraja Kumar; Dr. Rizu Negi

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 11 - November

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/2rf4pxk8

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25nov1549

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Abstract : CAUTI is one of the most common healthcare-associated diseases in the world. It mostly affects patients in hospitals who need indwelling urinary catheters. CAUTI results in heightened morbidity, extended hospitalizations, elevated treatment expenses, and the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria. To make patients safer and lower healthcare costs, it's vital to know how often it occurs, what causes it, how microbes spread, and how to stop it.  Method A narrative review was performed to examine articles published in the past decade concerning the prevalence, risk factors, microbiology, and prevention of CAUTI. Databases were examined for full-text research pertaining to adult people (≥18 years). Based on predefined inclusion criteria, 12 eligible studies were included. These studies had cross-sectional, cohort, retrospective, quasi-experimental, laboratory-based, and prospective designs. We collected information from each study regarding the sample characteristics, diagnostic criteria, pathogens identified, and the most significant results.  Results The reported prevalence of CAUTI varied significantly between studies, from 12.5% to 49.1%, with the greatest rates observed in ICU and long-term catheterized patients. The primary risk factors identified were prolonged catheterization, advanced age, female gender, diabetes, and inadequate perineal hygiene. Escherichia coli was always the most common pathogen in microbiological profiles, followed by Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Candida, and Pseudomonas species. Several studies indicated that antimicrobial resistance was very high, with up to 77% of bacteria being resistant to ampicillin and many bacteria being resistant to fluoroquinolones. Intervention-based research indicated that using infection-control bundles can cut CAUTI rates by a large amount (for example, from 20% to 9%). The narrative review concludes that CAUTI continues to be a significant healthcare issue, closely linked to catheter duration, comorbidities, and deficiencies in infection-control methods. The high rate of occurrence and increasing resistance to several drugs show how important it is to enhance hygiene procedures, strengthen surveillance, quickly remove catheters, and create strong antimicrobial stewardship programs. Additional multicentre research and developments, including anti- biofilm catheter coatings and quick diagnostic procedures, are crucial for attaining enduring CAUTI prevention and enhanced patient outcomes.

Keywords : CAUTI, Prevalence, Comorbidities, Tertiary Care Unit, Urinary Catheter.

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